职称英语考试阅读综合辅导第九讲
<p> 状语从句： 所谓状语从句，是指用来说明主句行为发生的时间、原因、条件、地点、目的、结果及方式等。 1) 时间状语从句： 记住以下连接词的意思和重点： <span word="when">when</span> / <span word="while">while</span> / <span word="as">as</span> 注意：<span word="while">while</span>除了做时间状语的连接词外，还解释为虽然，而. 例如：<span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="diligent">diligent</span>, <span word="while">while</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="lazy">lazy</span>. <span word="before">before</span> 在之前 <span word="until">until</span> / <span word="not">not</span> <span word="until">until</span>注意：<span word="not">not</span> <span word="until">until</span>放在句首时，往往要求倒装 <span word="as">as</span> <span word="soon">soon</span> <span word="as">as</span> / <span word="once">once</span> <span word="immediately">immediately</span> / <span word="instantly">instantly</span> / <span word="directly">directly</span> 原本是副词，这里作连接词，表示一就， 例如： <span word="I">I</span> <span word="knew">knew</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="mistake">mistake</span> <span word="directly">directly</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="done">done</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="the">the</span> <span word="moment">moment</span> / <span word="each">each</span> <span word="time">time</span> / <span word="every">every</span> <span word="time">time</span> / <span word="next">next</span> <span word="time">time</span> / <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="time">time</span> / <span word="the">the</span> <span word="instant">instant</span> / <span word="the">the</span> <span word="year">year</span>原本是名词或副词，这里作连接词用。 <span word="hardly">hardly</span> <span word="when">when</span> / <span word="no">no</span> <span word="soonerthan">soonerthan</span>一就 注意：这是时间状语考试的重点句型，一是不要把两个句型中的<span word="when">when</span>和<span word="than">than</span>的搭配搞错了，二是要用倒装语序。 例如： <span word="Hardly">Hardly</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="sat">sat</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="telephone">telephone</span> <span word="rang">rang</span>. 重点：在时间状语中，用一般时代替将来时。 例如： <span word="Well">Well</span> <span word="start">start</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="soon">soon</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="leader">leader</span> ______. <span word="A">A</span>.<span word="comes">comes</span> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="is">is</span> <span word="coming">coming</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="will">will</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="came">came</span> 根据英语时态一致性原则，主句与从句的时态应一致，答案似乎应该是<span word="B">B</span>或<span word="C">C</span>，但是正确答案是<span word="A">A</span>，因为在时间状语中，用一般时代替将来时。将上句改为过去时，道理也一样： <span word="He">He</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="start">start</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="soon">soon</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="leader">leader</span> _____. <span word="A">A</span>.<span word="came">came</span> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="was">was</span> <span word="coming">coming</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="would">would</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="comes">comes</span> 答案应为<span word="A">A</span> 2) 条件状语从句： 分真实条件句和非真实条件句 重点：在条件状语中，用一般时代替将来时 虚拟语气 主要连接词： <span word="if">if</span> / <span word="unless">unless</span> 例如： <span word="Children">Children</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="room">room</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="sick">sick</span> <span word="person">person</span> ______ <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="special">special</span> <span word="reason">reason</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="A">A</span>.<span word="except">except</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="besides">besides</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="unless">unless</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="whereas">whereas</span> 解题思路：根据上面说过的连接原则，这里必须是一个连接词，而<span word="A">A</span>，<span word="B">B</span>都是介词，因此正确答案只能在<span word="C">C</span>，<span word="D">D</span>中选。<span word="whereas">whereas</span>意为而，故正确答案为<span word="C">C</span>. <span word="provided">provided</span> / <span word="on">on</span> <span word="condition">condition</span> <span word="that">that</span> 知道这也是连接词就可以了，一般说，当考题中出现这种词时，应倾向选择。 3) 原因状语从句： 主要连接词：<span word="because">because</span>/ <span word="since">since</span> / <span word="as">as</span> 要点：不要把连接词 <span word="because">because</span>与介词短语<span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> 相混淆; 不要把表示原因的<span word="since">since</span>与表示时间的<span word="since">since</span>自从相混淆; 不要把表示原因的<span word="as">as</span>与表示时间的<span word="as">as</span>随着相混淆; 顺便提一下， <span word="because">because</span>表示直接因果关系，而<span word="since">since</span>, <span word="as">as</span> 是对事实的说明，主句和从句之间并不一定具有因果关系. 例如： <span word="As">As</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="already">already</span> 18 <span word="years">years</span> <span word="old">old</span>, <span word="you">you</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span>. 这个句子用<span word="because">because</span>连接就不太合适。好在军队职称考试中并不要求作这种分辨。 <span word="for">for</span> 注意：一般只能放在主句后面，即主句 + <span word="for">for</span>从句，例如： <span word="He">He</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="gone">gone</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bed">bed</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="late">late</span>.该句不能用<span word="because">because</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="that">that</span> / <span word="seeing">seeing</span> <span word="that">that</span> / <span word="considering">considering</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="Seeing">Seeing</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="problem">problem</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="settled">settled</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="proceeded">proceeded</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="one">one</span>. <span word="n">n</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="that">that</span>一般放在主句后面，例如： <span word="Humans">Humans</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="superior">superior</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="animals">animals</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="languages">languages</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="tool">tool</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="communicate">communicate</span>.</p>
页:
[1]