职称英语综合类A级阅读理解习题精解(1)
<p> 阅读理解 下面有3篇短文，每篇幅短文后有5道题，每题材后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择一个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 <span word="Technology">Technology</span> <span word="Transfer">Transfer</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Germany">Germany</span> <span word="When">When</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="comes">comes</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="translating">translating</span> <span word="basic">basic</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="industrial">industrial</span> <span word="success">success</span>, <span word="few">few</span> <span word="nations">nations</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="match">match</span> <span word="Germany">Germany</span>. <span word="Since">Since</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1940<span word="s">s</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="nations">nations</span> <span word="vast">vast</span> <span word="industrial">industrial</span> <span word="base">base</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="fed">fed</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="constant">constant</span> <span word="stream">stream</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="ideas">ideas</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="expertise">expertise</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="science">science</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="though">though</span> <span word="German">German</span> <span word="prosperity">prosperity</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="faltered">faltered</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="decade">decade</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="huge">huge</span> <span word="cost">cost</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="unifying">unifying</span> <span word="east">east</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="west">west</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="global">global</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="decline">decline</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="enviable">enviable</span> <span word="record">record</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="turning">turning</span> <span word="ideas">ideas</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="profit">profit</span>. <span word="Much">Much</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="reason">reason</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="success">success</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Fraunhofer">Fraunhofer</span> <span word="Society">Society</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="network">network</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="institutes">institutes</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="exists">exists</span> <span word="solely">solely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="solve">solve</span> <span word="industrial">industrial</span> <span word="problems">problems</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="create">create</span> <span word="sought">sought</span>-<span word="after">after</span> <span word="technologies">technologies</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="today">today</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Fraunhofer">Fraunhofer</span> <span word="institutes">institutes</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="competition">competition</span>. <span word="Universities">Universities</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="taking">taking</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="ever">ever</span> <span word="larger">larger</span> <span word="role">role</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="transfer">transfer</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="parks">parks</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="springing">springing</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="over">over</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="efforts">efforts</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="complemented">complemented</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="federal">federal</span> <span word="programmes">programmes</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="pumping">pumping</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="start">start</span>-<span word="up">up</span> <span word="companies">companies</span>. <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="strategy">strategy</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="sound">sound</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="recipe">recipe</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="success">success</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="critics">critics</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="worry">worry</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="favouring">favouring</span> <span word="applied">applied</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="mean">mean</span> <span word="neglecting">neglecting</span> <span word="basic">basic</span> <span word="science">science</span>, <span word="eventually">eventually</span> <span word="starving">starving</span> <span word="industry">industry</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="fresh">fresh</span> <span word="ideas">ideas</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="scientist">scientist</span> <span word="starts">starts</span> <span word="thinking">thinking</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="entrepreneur">entrepreneur</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="argument">argument</span> <span word="goes">goes</span>, <span word="then">then</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="traditional">traditional</span> <span word="principles">principles</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="university">university</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="curiosity">curiosity</span>-<span word="driven">driven</span>, <span word="free">free</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="widely">widely</span> <span word="available">available</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="suffer">suffer</span>. <span word="Others">Others</span> <span word="claim">claim</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="programmes">programmes</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="promote">promote</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="transfer">transfer</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="waste">waste</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="businesses">businesses</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="promoted">promoted</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="bound">bound</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="bankrupt">bankrupt</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="years">years</span>. <span word="While">While</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="debate">debate</span> <span word="continues">continues</span>, <span word="new">new</span> <span word="ideas">ideas</span> <span word="flow">flow</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="steady">steady</span> <span word="rate">rate</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Germanys">Germanys</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="networks">networks</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="bear">bear</span> <span word="famous">famous</span> <span word="names">names</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Helmholtz">Helmholtz</span>, <span word="Max">Max</span> <span word="Planck">Planck</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Leibniz">Leibniz</span>. <span word="Yet">Yet</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fourth">fourth</span> <span word="network">network</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Fraunhofer">Fraunhofer</span> <span word="Society">Society</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="plays">plays</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="greatest">greatest</span> <span word="role">role</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="transfer">transfer</span>. <span word="Founded">Founded</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1949, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Fraunhofer">Fraunhofer</span> <span word="Society">Society</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="Europes">Europes</span> <span word="largest">largest</span> <span word="organisation">organisation</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="applied">applied</span> <span word="technology">technology</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="has">has</span> 59 <span word="institutes">institutes</span> <span word="employing">employing</span> 12, 000 <span word="people">people</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="continues">continues</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="grow">grow</span>. <span word="Last">Last</span> <span word="year">year</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="swallowed">swallowed</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Heindch">Heindch</span> <span word="Hertz">Hertz</span> <span word="Institute">Institute</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Communication">Communication</span> <span word="Technology">Technology</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Berlin">Berlin</span>. <span word="Today">Today</span>, <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="Fraunhofers">Fraunhofers</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Asia">Asia</span>. 31 <span word="What">What</span> <span word="factor">factor</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="attributed">attributed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="German">German</span> <span word="prosperity">prosperity</span>? <span word="A">A</span> <span word="Technology">Technology</span> <span word="transfer">transfer</span>. <span word="B">B</span> <span word="Good">Good</span> <span word="management">management</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="Hard">Hard</span> <span word="work">work</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="Fierce">Fierce</span> <span word="competition">competition</span>. 32 <span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="NOT">NOT</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="traditional">traditional</span> <span word="university">university</span> <span word="research">research</span>? <span word="A">A</span> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="free">free</span>. <span word="B">B</span> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="profit">profit</span>-<span word="driven">driven</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="widely">widely</span> <span word="available">available</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="curiosity">curiosity</span>-<span word="driven">driven</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="Asia">Asia</span>. <span word="B">B</span> <span word="USA">USA</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="Africa">Africa</span>. 34 <span word="When">When</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Fraunhofer">Fraunhofer</span> <span word="Society">Society</span> <span word="founded">founded</span>? <span word="A">A</span> <span word="In">In</span> 1940. <span word="B">B</span> <span word="Last">Last</span> <span word="year">year</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="Afterthe">Afterthe</span> <span word="unification">unification</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="In">In</span> 1949. 35 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="word">word</span> <span word="expertise">expertise</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="line">line</span> 3 <span word="could">could</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="replaced">replaced</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="experts">experts</span>. <span word="B">B</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="scholars">scholars</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="special">special</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span>. 31. <span word="A">A</span> 32. <span word="B">B</span> 33. <span word="C">C</span> 34. <span word="D">D</span> 35. <span word="D">D</span> 31. <span word="A">A</span> 文章的第一段第一句说在把基本研究成果成功的应用到工业领域方面，几乎没有那个国家能和德国相提并论。还可以结合第一段最后一句话理解可知答案选<span word="A">A</span>, 德国的繁荣主要是把科学技术应用到了工业领域 32. <span word="B">B</span> 根据文章第三段第三句话，可知答案选<span word="B">B</span>。 33. <span word="C">C</span> 文章最后一段第一句话提供了答案。 34. <span word="D">D</span> 同上，从文章最后一段第一句话可找到答案。 35. <span word="D">D</span> 文中说科学领域源源不断的新思想和<span word="expertise">expertise</span>, 所以它的意思应该与新思想是同类的东西。而且<span word="experts">experts</span>是指专家，能手; <span word="scientists">scientists</span>是指科学家;<span word="scholars">scholars</span>是指学者，奖学金获得者。所以答案选<span word="D">D</span>。</p>
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