2015年职称英语《理工类》阅读理解练习题(3)
<p> 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。</p><p> 第一篇</p><p> <span word="Forecasting">Forecasting</span> <span word="Methods">Methods</span></p><p> <span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="several">several</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="methods">methods</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="create">create</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="forecast">forecast</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="method">method</span> <span word="forecaster">forecaster</span> <span word="chooses">chooses</span> <span word="depends">depends</span> <span word="upon">upon</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="experience">experience</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="forecaster">forecaster</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="amount">amount</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="information">information</span> <span word="available">available</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="forecaster">forecaster</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="level">level</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="difficulty">difficulty</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="forecast">forecast</span> <span word="situation">situation</span> <span word="presents">presents</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="degree">degree</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="accuracy">accuracy</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="confidence">confidence</span> <span word="needed">needed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="forecast">forecast</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="methods">methods</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="persistence">persistence</span> <span word="method">method</span>;<span word="the">the</span> <span word="simplest">simplest</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="producing">producing</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="forecast">forecast</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="persistence">persistence</span> <span word="method">method</span> <span word="assumes">assumes</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="conditions">conditions</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="forecast">forecast</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="change">change</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="if">if</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="sunny">sunny</span> <span word="and">and</span> 87 <span word="degree">degree</span> <span word="today">today</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="persistence">persistence</span> <span word="method">method</span> <span word="predicts">predicts</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="sunny">sunny</span> <span word="and">and</span> 87 <span word="degree">degree</span> <span word="tomorrow">tomorrow</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="inches">inches</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="rain">rain</span> <span word="fell">fell</span> <span word="today">today</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="persistence">persistence</span> <span word="method">method</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="predict">predict</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="inches">inches</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="rain">rain</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="tomorrow">tomorrow</span>. <span word="However">However</span>, <span word="if">if</span> <span word="weather">weather</span> <span word="conditions">conditions</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="significantly">significantly</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="day">day</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="persistence">persistence</span> <span word="method">method</span> <span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="breaks">breaks</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="forecasting">forecasting</span> <span word="method">method</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="use">use</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="trends">trends</span> <span word="method">method</span> <span word="involves">involves</span> <span word="determining">determining</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="speed">speed</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="direction">direction</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="movement">movement</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="fronts">fronts</span>, <span word="high">high</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="low">low</span> <span word="pressure">pressure</span> <span word="centers">centers</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="clouds">clouds</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="precipitation">precipitation</span>. <span word="Using">Using</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="information">information</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="forecaster">forecaster</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="predict">predict</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="expects">expects</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="features">features</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="time">time</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="if">if</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="storm">storm</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="is">is</span> 1,000 <span word="miles">miles</span> <span word="west">west</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="location">location</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="moving">moving</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="east">east</span> <span word="at">at</span> 250 <span word="miles">miles</span> <span word="per">per</span> <span word="day">day</span>, <span word="suing">suing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="trends">trends</span> <span word="method">method</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="predict">predict</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="arrive">arrive</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="area">area</span> <span word="in">in</span> 4 <span word="days">days</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="trends">trends</span> <span word="method">method</span> <span word="works">works</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="systems">systems</span> <span word="continue">continue</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="move">move</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="speed">speed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="direction">direction</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="period">period</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="time">time</span>. <span word="if">if</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="slow">slow</span> <span word="down">down</span>, <span word="speed">speed</span> <span word="up">up</span>, <span word="change">change</span> <span word="intensity">intensity</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="direction">direction</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="trends">trends</span> <span word="forecast">forecast</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="probably">probably</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span>.</p>
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