2015年职称英语考试理工类阅读理解试题及答案(3)
<p> <span word="Visual">Visual</span> <span word="impairment">impairment</span> <span word="carries">carries</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="reduced">reduced</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="restricted">restricted</span> <span word="ability">ability</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="travel">travel</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="ones">ones</span> <span word="physical">physical</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="environment">environment</span> <span word="until">until</span> <span word="adequate">adequate</span> <span word="orientation">orientation</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="mobility">mobility</span> <span word="skills">skills</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="established">established</span>. <span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="observational">observational</span> <span word="skills">skills</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="limited">limited</span>, <span word="self">self</span>-<span word="control">control</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="immediate">immediate</span> <span word="surroundings">surroundings</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="limited">limited</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="visual">visual</span> <span word="impaired">impaired</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="anticipate">anticipate</span> <span word="hazardous">hazardous</span> <span word="situations">situations</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="obstacles">obstacles</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="avoid">avoid</span>.</p><p> <span word="Orientation">Orientation</span> <span word="refers">refers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mental">mental</span> <span word="map">map</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ones">ones</span> <span word="surroundings">surroundings</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="relationship">relationship</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="self">self</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="environment">environment</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="mental">mental</span> <span word="map">map</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="generated">generated</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="moving">moving</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="environment">environment</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="piecing">piecing</span> <span word="together">together</span> <span word="relationships">relationships</span>, <span word="object">object</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="object">object</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="organized">organized</span> <span word="approach">approach</span>. <span word="With">With</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="visual">visual</span> <span word="feedback">feedback</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reinforce">reinforce</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="mental">mental</span> <span word="map">map</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="visually">visually</span> <span word="impaired">impaired</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="rely">rely</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="memory">memory</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="key">key</span> <span word="landmarks">landmarks</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="clues">clues</span> <span word="Landmarks">Landmarks</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="clues">clues</span> <span word="enable">enable</span> <span word="visually">visually</span> <span word="impaired">impaired</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="affirm">affirm</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="position">position</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="space">space</span>.</p><p> <span word="Mobility">Mobility</span>, <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>, <span word="is">is</span> <span word="theability">theability</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="travel">travel</span> <span word="safely">safely</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="efficiently">efficiently</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="point">point</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="ones">ones</span> <span word="physical">physical</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="environment">environment</span>. <span word="Good">Good</span> <span word="orientation">orientation</span> <span word="skills">skills</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="necessary">necessary</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="mobility">mobility</span> <span word="skills">skills</span>. <span word="Once">Once</span> <span word="visually">visually</span> <span word="impaired">impaired</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="travel">travel</span> <span word="safely">safely</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="pedestrians">pedestrians</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="transportation">transportation</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="independent">independent</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="possible">possible</span>.</p><p> <span word="To">To</span> <span word="meet">meet</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="expanding">expanding</span> <span word="needs">needs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="demands">demands</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="visually">visually</span> <span word="impaired">impaired</span> <span word="person">person</span>, <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sequence">sequence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="instruction">instruction</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="begins">begins</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="preschool">preschool</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="continue">continue</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="school">school</span>. <span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="visually">visually</span> <span word="impaired">impaired</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="lack">lack</span> <span word="adequate">adequate</span> <span word="concepts">concepts</span> <span word="regarding">regarding</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="space">space</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="objects">objects</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="events">events</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="environment">environment</span>. <span word="During">During</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="attention">attention</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="focused">focused</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="development">development</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="fundamental">fundamental</span> <span word="concepts">concepts</span>, <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="inside">inside</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="outside">outside</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="front">front</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="behind">behind</span>, <span word="fast">fast</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="slow">slow</span>, <span word="movement">movement</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="traffic">traffic</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="variety">variety</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="intersections">intersections</span>, <span word="elevators">elevators</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="escalators">escalators</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="forth">forth</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="concepts">concepts</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="essential">essential</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="safe">safe</span>, <span word="efficient">efficient</span> <span word="travel">travel</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="familiar">familiar</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="unfamiliar">unfamiliar</span> <span word="settings">settings</span>, <span word="first">first</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="buildings">buildings</span>, <span word="then">then</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="residential">residential</span> <span word="neighborhoods">neighborhoods</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="finally">finally</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="business">business</span> <span word="communities">communities</span>.</p>
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