2014年职称英语卫生类考试教材阅读理解文章及练习(14)
<p> <span word="Dreams">Dreams</span></p><p> <span word="Studies">Studies</span> <span word="show">show</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="dreams">dreams</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="seen">seen</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="thought">thought</span>.1 <span word="In">In</span> <span word="terms">terms</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="senses">senses</span>, <span word="visual">visual</span> <span word="experience">experience</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="present">present</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="almost">almost</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="dreams">dreams</span>; <span word="auditory">auditory</span> <span word="experience">experience</span> <span word="in">in</span> 40 <span word="to">to</span> 50 <span word="percent">percent</span>; <span word="and">and</span> <span word="touch">touch</span>, <span word="taste">taste</span>, <span word="smell">smell</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="pain">pain</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="relatively">relatively</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="percentage">percentage</span>.2 <span word="A">A</span> <span word="considerable">considerable</span> <span word="amount">amount</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="emotion">emotion</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="commonly">commonly</span> <span word="present">present</span>, <span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="pure">pure</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="single">single</span> <span word="emotion">emotion</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="fear">fear</span>, <span word="anger">anger</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="joy">joy</span>.3</p><p> <span word="Two">Two</span> <span word="clearly">clearly</span> <span word="distinguishable">distinguishable</span> <span word="states">states</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span> <span word="exist">exist</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="state">state</span>，<span word="called">called</span> <span word="NREM">NREM</span>-<span word="sleep">sleep</span> ，<span word="occupies">occupies</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span> <span word="period">period</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="associated">associated</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="relatively">relatively</span> <span word="low">low</span> <span word="pulse">pulse</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="blood">blood</span> <span word="pressure">pressure</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="reports">reports</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="dreaming">dreaming</span>.4 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="type">type</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span>, <span word="known">known</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="REM">REM</span>-<span word="sleep">sleep</span> <span word="occurs">occurs</span> <span word="cyclically">cyclically</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span> <span word="period">period</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="rapid">rapid</span> <span word="eye">eye</span> <span word="movements">movements</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="frequent">frequent</span> <span word="dream">dream</span> <span word="reports">reports</span>. <span word="Typically">Typically</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="periods">periods</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="REM">REM</span>-<span word="sleep">sleep</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="night">night</span>, <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dreams">dreams</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="remembered">remembered</span> <span word="often">often</span>, <span word="rarely">rarely</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="all">all</span>; <span word="they">they</span> <span word="occur">occur</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="intervals">intervals</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="about">about</span> 90 <span word="minutes">minutes</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="altogether">altogether</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="about">about</span> 25 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="nights">nights</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span> . <span word="Evidence">Evidence</span> <span word="indicates">indicates</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dream">dream</span> <span word="period">period</span> <span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="lasts">lasts</span> <span word="from">from</span> 5 <span word="to">to</span> 20 <span word="minutes">minutes</span>.5 <span word="Sounds">Sounds</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="touches">touches</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dreamer">dreamer</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dream">dream</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="occur">occur</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="REM">REM</span>-<span word="period">period</span>. <span word="Although">Although</span> <span word="mental">mental</span> <span word="activity">activity</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="reported">reported</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="NREM">NREM</span>-<span word="sleep">sleep</span>，<span word="these">these</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="short">short</span> <span word="pieces">pieces</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="thoughtlike">thoughtlike</span> <span word="experiences">experiences</span>.6</p><p> <span word="Modern">Modern</span> <span word="dream">dream</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="focused">focused</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="general">general</span> <span word="interpretations">interpretations</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="dream">dream</span> <span word="content">content</span>.7 <span word="In">In</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="view">view</span>, <span word="dreams">dreams</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="meaning">meaning</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="simply">simply</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="process">process</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="integrates">integrates</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="information">information</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="memories">memories</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="view">view</span>, <span word="dreams">dreams</span> <span word="contain">contain</span> <span word="real">real</span> <span word="meaning">meaning</span> <span word="symbolized">symbolized</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="picture">picture</span> <span word="language">language</span> <span word="distinct">distinct</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="conscious">conscious</span> <span word="logical">logical</span> <span word="thought">thought</span>.8 <span word="If">If</span> <span word="dreams">dreams</span> <span word="express">express</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="wishes">wishes</span>， <span word="fears">fears</span>, <span word="concerns">concerns</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="worries">worries</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dreamer">dreamer</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="analysis">analysis</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="dreams">dreams</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="reveal">reveal</span> <span word="previously">previously</span> <span word="unknown">unknown</span> <span word="aspects">aspects</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="persons">persons</span> <span word="mental">mental</span> <span word="functioningg">functioningg</span>.</p>
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