2015年职称英语卫生类B级阅读理解习题练习(2)
<p> <span word="High">High</span> <span word="Stress">Stress</span> <span word="May">May</span> <span word="Damage">Damage</span> <span word="Memory">Memory</span></p><p> <span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="report">report</span> <span word="issued">issued</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="May">May</span> 1998, <span word="elderly">elderly</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="consistently">consistently</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="blood">blood</span> <span word="levels">levels</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="stress">stress</span> <span word="hormone">hormone</span>. <span word="Whats">Whats</span> <span word="more">more</span> ,<span word="high">high</span> <span word="levels">levels</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="cortisol">cortisol</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="associated">associated</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="shrinking">shrinking</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hippocampus">hippocampus</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="region">region</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="plays">plays</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="key">key</span> <span word="role">role</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="learning">learning</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="memory">memory</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="findings">findings</span> <span word="suggest">suggest</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="cortisol">cortisol</span> <span word="levels">levels</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="normal">normal</span>, <span word="healthy">healthy</span> <span word="range">range</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="actually">actually</span> <span word="accelerate">accelerate</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="aging">aging</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="results">results</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="provide">provide</span> <span word="substantial">substantial</span> <span word="evidence">evidence</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="long">long</span>-<span word="term">term</span> <span word="exposure">exposure</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="adrenal">adrenal</span> <span word="stress">stress</span> <span word="hormones">hormones</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="promote">promote</span> <span word="hippocampal">hippocampal</span> <span word="aging">aging</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="normal">normal</span> <span word="elderly">elderly</span> <span word="humans">humans</span>, <span word="write">write</span> <span word="Nada">Nada</span> <span word="porter">porter</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Phillip">Phillip</span> <span word="Landfield">Landfield</span>. <span word="Cortisol">Cortisol</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="hormone">hormone</span> <span word="releases">releases</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="response">response</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="stress">stress</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="adrenal">adrenal</span> <span word="glands">glands</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="sit">sit</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="top">top</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="kidneys">kidneys</span> .</p><p> <span word="Over">Over</span> <span word="a">a</span> 5-<span word="to">to</span> 6-<span word="year">year</span> <span word="period">period</span>, <span word="dr">dr</span>. <span word="Sonia">Sonia</span> <span word="lupine">lupine</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="colleagues">colleagues</span> <span word="measures">measures</span> 24-<span word="hour">hour</span> <span word="cortisol">cortisol</span> <span word="levels">levels</span> <span word="in">in</span> 51 <span word="healthy">healthy</span> <span word="volunteers">volunteers</span>, <span word="most">most</span> <span word="whom">whom</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> 70<span word="s">s</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="tested">tested</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="volunteers">volunteers</span> <span word="memory">memory</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="increasing">increasing</span>/<span word="high">high</span> <span word="category">category</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="decreasing">decreasing</span>/<span word="moderate">moderate</span> <span word="group">group</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="groups">groups</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="differ">differ</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="tests">tests</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="immediate">immediate</span> <span word="memory">memory</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="increasing">increasing</span>/<span word="high">high</span> <span word="cortisol">cortisol</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="memory">memory</span> <span word="problems">problems</span> <span word="compared">compared</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="decreasing">decreasing</span>/<span word="moderate">moderate</span> <span word="group">group</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="total">total</span> <span word="volume">volume</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hippocampus">hippocampus</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="increasing">increasing</span>/<span word="high">high</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="was">was</span> 14% <span word="lower">lower</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="decreasing">decreasing</span>/<span word="moderate">moderate</span> <span word="group">group</span>, <span word="although">although</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="differences">differences</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="regions">regions</span>.</p>
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