2014年职称英语卫生类考试教材阅读理解文章及练习(10)
<p> <span word="Cigars">Cigars</span> <span word="Instead">Instead</span>?</p><p> <span word="Smoking">Smoking</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="cigars">cigars</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="doubles">doubles</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="cancers">cancers</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lip">lip</span>, <span word="tongue">tongue</span>, <span word="mouth">mouth</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="throat">throat</span>, <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="study">study</span>.</p><p> <span word="Daily">Daily</span> <span word="cigars">cigars</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="increase">increase</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="lung">lung</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="esophagus">esophagus</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="increase">increase</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="larynx">larynx</span> <span word="sixfold">sixfold</span>1，<span word="say">say</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="National">National</span> <span word="Cancer">Cancer</span> <span word="Institute">Institute</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Bethesda">Bethesda</span>, <span word="Maryland">Maryland</span>.</p><p> <span word="In">In</span> <span word="addition">addition</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="report">report</span> <span word="revealed">revealed</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="smoking">smoking</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="cigars">cigars</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="oral">oral</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="to">to</span> 8.5 <span word="times">times</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="nonsmokers">nonsmokers</span>2 <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="esophageal">esophageal</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="times">times</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="nonsmokers">nonsmokers</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="effects">effects</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="smoking">smoking</span> <span word="cigars">cigars</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="eight">eight</span> <span word="sections">sections</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="article">article</span><span word="Cigars">Cigars</span> ： <span word="Health">Health</span> <span word="Effects">Effects</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Trends">Trends</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="report">report</span> <span word="that">that</span>, <span word="compared">compared</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cigarette">cigarette</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="cigar">cigar</span> <span word="emits">emits</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="to">to</span> 90 <span word="times">times</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="carcinogenic">carcinogenic</span> <span word="tobacco">tobacco</span>-<span word="specific">specific</span> <span word="nitrosamines">nitrosamines</span>.</p><p> <span word="This">This</span> <span word="article">article</span> <span word="provides">provides</span> <span word="clear">clear</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="invaluable">invaluable</span> <span word="information">information</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="disturbing">disturbing</span> <span word="increase">increase</span>3 <span word="in">in</span> <span word="cigar">cigar</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="significant">significant</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="consequences">consequences</span>4 <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="country">country</span>, <span word="said">said</span> <span word="Dr">Dr</span>. <span word="Richard">Richard</span> <span word="Klausner">Klausner</span>, <span word="director">director</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="National">National</span> <span word="Cancer">Cancer</span> <span word="Institute">Institute</span>，<span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="statement">statement</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="data">data</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="clear">clear</span> 一 <span word="the">the</span> <span word="harmful">harmful</span> <span word="substances">substances</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="carcinogens">carcinogens</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="cigar">cigar</span> <span word="smoke">smoke</span>, <span word="like">like</span> <span word="cigarettes">cigarettes</span>, <span word="are">are</span> <span word="associated">associated</span> <span word="with">with</span>5 <span word="the">the</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="risks">risks</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="several">several</span> <span word="kinds">kinds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="cancers">cancers</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="heart">heart</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="lung">lung</span> <span word="diseases">diseases</span>， <span word="he">he</span> <span word="added">added</span>.<span word="In">In</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="words">words</span>，<span word="cigars">cigars</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="safe">safe</span> <span word="alternatives">alternatives</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="cigarettes">cigarettes</span>6 <span word="and">and</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="addictive">addictive</span>. </p>
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