2015年的职称英语基础知识解析：虚拟语气
<p> <span word="Bus">Bus</span> <span word="travel">travel</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="then">then</span></p><p> <span word="For">For</span> <span word="cities">cities</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="transport">transport</span> <span word="services">services</span>, <span word="if">if</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="buses">buses</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="stop">stop</span> <span word="running">running</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="day">day</span>, <span word="work">work</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="standstill">standstill</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="hundreds">hundreds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="offices">offices</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="factories">factories</span> <span word="and">and</span>...</p><p> <span word="l">l</span> 虚拟语气</p><p> 虚拟语气是谓语动词的一种形式，用于表示非真实的假设，或表示命令、建议以及说话人的主观愿望，有时也有使语气缓和、委婉的作用。</p><p> Ⅰ、条件句中的虚拟语气</p><p> 1.构成</p><p> 含有条件状语从句的句子称为条件句。如果所表示的条件是真实的，或者完全可能实现的，则称为真实条件句，其主句和从句的谓语都用陈述语气，如：</p><p> <span word="You">You</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="spoil">spoil</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="mistake">mistake</span> <span word="again">again</span>.</p><p> 如果条件句表示的条件根本不可能实现或实现的可能性很小时，则称为虚拟条件句，其主句和从句的谓语就要用虚拟语气。谓语形式因时间不同而有所不同。现以动词<span word="give">give</span>和<span word="tell">tell</span>为例列表如下：</p><p> 注：</p><p> ① 在与现在事实相反的假设条件从句中谓语为<span word="be">be</span>时，一般不分人称，多用过去式的复数形式<span word="were">were</span>。如主语为第一、三人称单数时，也可用<span word="was">was</span></p><p> ② 主句中第一人称常用<span word="should">should</span>，第二、三人称常用<span word="would">would</span>。但在美国英语中，第一人称也常用<span word="would">would</span>。主句中除<span word="should">should</span>, <span word="would">would</span>外，还可用<span word="could">could</span>, <span word="might">might</span>。</p>
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