2015年的职称英语基础知识解析：动名词语法功能（2）
<p> 2015年职称英语基础知识解析：动名词语法功能(2)</p><p> 与中文的语法类似，名词在英语句子里也主要充当主语，宾语和表语。如：</p><p> <span word="student">student</span> <span word="Students">Students</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="nations">nations</span> <span word="tomorrow">tomorrow</span>.</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="student">student</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="building">building</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="construction">construction</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="students">students</span>.</p><p> 英语中的主语和宾语分别很类似于中文里的主语和宾语。而所谓的表语可以理解成跟在<span word="be">be</span>动词后的句子成分。能作表语的结构可以有名词/名词性词组，形容词，介词短语和名词性从句。</p><p> 名词中表示抽象概念的名词，如：艺术，古典音乐等，这样的词前面通常就不用冠词，如：<span word="Mary">Mary</span> <span word="likes">likes</span> <span word="art">art</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="classical">classical</span> <span word="music">music</span>./玛丽喜欢艺术和古典音乐。人名，地名等专有名词前也是一般不用冠词的，但海洋，河流，山脉，群岛以及含有普通名词的专有名词前通常要加定冠词。如：长城，太平洋，同时值得我们注意的是专有名词除冠词以外通常其它单词的首字母都需要大写。还有一些固定词组里的名词和介词之间通常也没有冠词。如：<span word="on">on</span> <span word="TV">TV</span> 。</p><p> 名词常与介词和动词形成搭配。在考试中与名词有关的介词搭配结构的考察是一个常见的考点：如：<span word="key">key</span>/<span word="answer">answer</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="grammar">grammar</span> <span word="exercises">exercises</span>/语法练习答案; <span word="key">key</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="door">door</span>/门的钥匙; <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sun">sun</span>/在阳光下;<span word="make">make</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="attempt">attempt</span> <span word="at">at</span>/<span word="on">on</span>/ 努力做..;而名词与动词形成的搭配结构的考察在考试中就更常见了。</p>
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