2015年的职称英语基础知识解析：定语从句
<p> 各种从句的构成和意义---定语从句与英语中的其他定语结构</p><p> 相关背景知识介绍：</p><p> 在英语中能充当定语的角色很多，如：不定式结构，介词结构，动名词，分词，名词，形容词/复合形容词和定语从句。但这些结构在作定语时位置却未必都在所修饰词的前面，如：</p><p> <span word="On">On</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="next">next</span>其次的<span word="floor">floor</span>, <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="rooms">rooms</span> <span word="named">named</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="colors">colors</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="them">them</span>: <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Red">Red</span> <span word="Room">Room</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Blue">Blue</span> <span word="Room">Room</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Green">Green</span> <span word="Room">Room</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="walls">walls</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="covered">covered</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="silk">silk</span> <span word="cloth">cloth</span>. <span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="pieces">pieces</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="furniture">furniture</span>, <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="White">White</span> <span word="House">House</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="built">built</span>.</p><p> <span word="l">l</span> 定语从句</p><p> 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句必须放在先行词之后。</p><p> 引导定语从句的词有两类：</p><p> 1、 关系代词：<span word="which">which</span>, <span word="that">that</span>, <span word="who">who</span>, <span word="whom">whom</span>, <span word="whose">whose</span></p><p> 2、 关系副词：<span word="when">when</span>, <span word="where">where</span>, <span word="why">why</span></p><p> Ⅰ关系代词引出定语从句</p><p> <span word="which">which</span>, <span word="that">that</span>代替事或物，在从句中做主语或宾语。<span word="Who">Who</span>, <span word="that">that</span>代替人，在从句中<span word="who">who</span>做主语，<span word="whom">whom</span>作宾语。<span word="Whose">Whose</span>代替人或物，在从句中做定语。如：</p><p> 1. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="road">road</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="leads">leads</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="town">town</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="widened">widened</span>.</p><p> 通往小镇的那条路已经加宽了。</p>
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