职称英语综合类考试考前每日一练(30)
<p> <span word="Upheaval">Upheaval</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Higher">Higher</span> <span word="Education">Education</span></p><p> <span word="To">To</span> <span word="produce">produce</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="upheaval">upheaval</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="changed">changed</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="modernized">modernized</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="domain">domain</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="education">education</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mid">mid</span> 1860<span word="s">s</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mid">mid</span> 1880<span word="s">s</span>. <span word="three">three</span> <span word="primacy">primacy</span> <span word="causes">causes</span> <span word="interacted">interacted</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="emergence">emergence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="dozen">dozen</span> <span word="leaders">leaders</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="education">education</span> <span word="provided">provided</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="personal">personal</span> <span word="force">force</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="needed">needed</span>. <span word="Moreover">Moreover</span>. <span word="an">an</span> <span word="outcry">outcry</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="fresher">fresher</span>, <span word="more">more</span> <span word="practical">practical</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="advanced">advanced</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="instruction">instruction</span> <span word="arose">arose</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="alumniand">alumniand</span> <span word="friends">friends</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="nearly">nearly</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="colleges">colleges</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="grew">grew</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="movement">movement</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="overrode">overrode</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="conservative">conservative</span> <span word="opposition">opposition</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="aggressive">aggressive</span> <span word="Young">Young</span> <span word="Yale">Yale</span> <span word="movement">movement</span> <span word="appeared">appeared</span>, <span word="demanding">demanding</span> <span word="partial">partial</span> <span word="alumni">alumni</span> <span word="control">control</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="liberal">liberal</span> <span word="spirit">spirit</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="broader">broader</span> <span word="course">course</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="study">study</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="graduates">graduates</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Harvard">Harvard</span> <span word="College">College</span> <span word="simultaneously">simultaneously</span> <span word="rallied">rallied</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="relieve">relieve</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="colleges">colleges</span> <span word="poverty">poverty</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="demand">demand</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="enterprise">enterprise</span>. <span word="Education">Education</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="pushed">pushed</span> <span word="toward">toward</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="standards">standards</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="East">East</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="throwing">throwing</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="church">church</span> <span word="leadership">leadership</span> <span word="every">every</span>- <span word="where">where</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="West">West</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="finding">finding</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="wider">wider</span> <span word="range">range</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="studies">studies</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="sense">sense</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="duty">duty</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="old">old</span>-<span word="style">style</span> <span word="classical">classical</span> <span word="education">education</span> <span word="received">received</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="crushing">crushing</span> <span word="blow">blow</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="citadel">citadel</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Harvard">Harvard</span> <span word="College">College</span>, <span word="where">where</span> <span word="Dr">Dr</span>. <span word="Charles">Charles</span> <span word="Eliot">Eliot</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="young">young</span> <span word="captain">captain</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="thirty">thirty</span>-<span word="five">five</span>, <span word="son">son</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="former">former</span> <span word="treasurer">treasurer</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Harvard">Harvard</span>, <span word="led">led</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="progressive">progressive</span> <span word="forces">forces</span>. <span word="Five">Five</span> <span word="revolutionary">revolutionary</span> <span word="advances">advances</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Dr">Dr</span>. <span word="Eliots">Eliots</span> <span word="administration">administration</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="elevation">elevation</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="amplification">amplification</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="entrance">entrance</span> <span word="requirements">requirements</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="enlargement">enlargement</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="curriculum">curriculum</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="development">development</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="elective">elective</span> <span word="system">system</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="recognition">recognition</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="graduate">graduate</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="liberal">liberal</span> <span word="arts">arts</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="raising">raising</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="professional">professional</span> <span word="training">training</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="law">law</span>, <span word="medicine">medicine</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fostering">fostering</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="greater">greater</span> <span word="maturity">maturity</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="student">student</span> <span word="life">life</span>. <span word="Standards">Standards</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="admission">admission</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="sharply">sharply</span> <span word="advanced">advanced</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1872-1873 <span word="and">and</span> 1876-1877. <span word="By">By</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="appointment">appointment</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dean">dean</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="charge">charge</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="student">student</span> <span word="affairs">affairs</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="wise">wise</span> <span word="handling">handling</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="discipline">discipline</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="undergraduates">undergraduates</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="led">led</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="regard">regard</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span>, <span word="more">more</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="young">young</span> <span word="gentlemen">gentlemen</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="young">young</span> <span word="animals">animals</span>. <span word="One">One</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="course">course</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="opened">opened</span> <span word="up">up</span>: <span word="science">science</span>, <span word="music">music</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="history">history</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fine">fine</span> <span word="arts">arts</span>, <span word="advanced">advanced</span> <span word="Spanish">Spanish</span>, <span word="political">political</span> <span word="economy">economy</span>, <span word="physics">physics</span>, <span word="classical">classical</span> <span word="philology">philology</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="international">international</span> <span word="law">law</span>.</p>
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