备战职称英语考试之重点语法精讲(16)
<p> 1) 分词或分词短语作状语时,可以表示时间、原因、让步、条件、方式或伴随状况.通常可转换成相应的状语从句;表示方式或伴随状况的可以转换成并列句或非限制性定语从句.例如:</p><p> <span word="Confined">Confined</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bed">bed</span> , <span word="she">she</span> <span word="needed">needed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="waited">waited</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="everything">everything</span>.</p><p> 她卧病在床,什么事都需要人伺候.</p><p> <span word="Having">Having</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> , <span word="you">you</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="be">be</span></p><p> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="well">well</span></p><p> 如果只有书本知识,你就不可能做好工作.</p><p> <span word="They">They</span> <span word="stood">stood</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="waiting">waiting</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bus">bus</span>.</p><p> 他们站在那里等公共汽车.</p><p> 2) 现在分词和过去分词作状语时的用法比较</p><p> 不管是现在分词还是过去分词作状语,如果单独作状语,其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致.分词作状语通常可以转换成一个相应的状语从句,如果状语从句中的谓语动词为被动结构,就用过去分词;如果状语从句中的谓语动词为主动结构,就用现在分词.有时为了强调,分词前可带连词<span word="when">when</span>, <span word="while">while</span>, <span word="if">if</span>, <span word="though">though</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="if">if</span>, <span word="unless">unless</span>等一起作状语,以便使句子的</p><p> 意思更清楚、更连贯.例如:</p><p> <span word="Working">Working</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> , <span word="you">you</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="succeed">succeed</span>.</p><p> 如果你努力,你会成功的.</p><p> <span word="Defeated">Defeated</span> , <span word="he">he</span> <span word="remained">remained</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="popular">popular</span> <span word="boxer">boxer</span>.</p><p> 虽然他被击败了,但他仍然是一个受人喜爱的拳击手.</p>
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