2015年职称英语考试常用语法详解之状语
<p> 状语</p><p> 非谓语动词做状语是这一讲的重点，也是考试的重点。大家还记得句子的连接一讲中说过的逗号不能连接两个句子这句话和所举的例子吗?</p><p> 错：<span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="ill">ill</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="party">party</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="evening">evening</span>.</p><p> 对：<span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="ill">ill</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="party">party</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="evening">evening</span>.</p><p> 对：<span word="Being">Being</span> <span word="ill">ill</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="party">party</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="evening">evening</span>.</p><p> 如果：<span word="His">His</span> <span word="child">child</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="ill">ill</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="party">party</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="evening">evening</span>. 该怎么改呢?</p><p> 道理是一样的：</p><p> <span word="His">His</span> <span word="child">child</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="ill">ill</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="party">party</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="evening">evening</span>.</p><p> 也就是说，非谓语动词也要有行为的主体，称为主格;如果非谓语动词的行为的主体与句子的主语不一致，要保留其行为主体，这种结构称为独立主格结构.</p><p> 那么，什么情况用<span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> 、-<span word="ing">ing</span> 或 -<span word="ed">ed</span> 呢?注意以下两点：</p><p> 要符合下表的基本要求。</p><p> 1) 与句子间有，隔开;</p><p> 2) 一定解释为为了</p><p> 3) 如果没有，，可能是句子的主语，不要混淆</p><p> 1) 与句子间一般有，隔开;</p><p> 2) 如果没有，，可能是动名词当句子的主语，不要混淆</p><p> 显然，<span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span>做状语形式和意义比较单一，难点是如何区分-<span word="ing">ing</span> 和-<span word="ed">ed</span> 形式。</p>
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