2015年职称英语考试常用语法详解之非谓语动词的句法功能
<p> 2015年职称英语考试常用语法详解:非谓语动词的句法功能</p><p> 主语 谓语 宾语 定语 状语</p><p> 这里要讨论的是当英语中的一个动词处在主语、宾语、定语和状语位置时怎么处理，即非谓语成分时怎么处理。</p><p> 1.主语：</p><p> 首先，<span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> 和 -<span word="ing">ing</span>形式具有名词性，-<span word="ed">ed</span> 不具备名词性。也就是说，<span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> 和 -<span word="ing">ing</span>可以做主语，例如：</p><p> <span word="To">To</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="language">language</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="easy">easy</span> <span word="thing">thing</span>.</p><p> <span word="Learning">Learning</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="language">language</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="easy">easy</span> <span word="thing">thing</span>.</p><p> 问题是这两种表达方式有没有区别。语法上没有对或错的区别，因此不是语法考试的重点</p><p> 一般讲，<span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span>较具体的行为或状态，-<span word="ing">ing</span>表示较笼统的概念，如学习外语对我来说并非易事一般用<span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span>来表达：<span word="To">To</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="language">language</span>. <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="easy">easy</span> <span word="thing">thing</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="me">me</span>.</p><p> 从应试角度讲，只要记住下面两个特殊句型就可以了：</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="use">use</span> + <span word="ing">ing</span>结构，例如：</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="quarreling">quarreling</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="her">her</span>.</p><p> <span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> + <span word="ing">ing</span> 结构，例如：</p><p> <span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="denying">denying</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="playing">playing</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="roles">roles</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="today">today</span>.</p><p> <span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="joking">joking</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="matter">matter</span>.</p><p> 2.宾语</p><p> 如上所述，非谓语动词<span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span>或-<span word="ing">ing</span>当主语时，没有特别的语法要求。但是，当宾语时，就有一个用<span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span>还是-<span word="ing">ing</span>的问题。大家还记得这个规定吗?如果忘了，请复习第二讲中五个基本句型的第三句型.这是考试的一个重点。在以往的职称考试中，此项一般要占2-3道题目。</p>
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