相似词语辨析【21】at the end of和by the end of
<p> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span>，<span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span></p><p> 这一对短语的意思都是在的末了、在的一端，意义上相似，但使用场合有所不同。</p><p> 一般说来，<span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span>用于表示具体事物或场所的场合，它也可以用来表示比喻意。例：</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="situated">situated</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="street">street</span>．</p><p> 该校位于这条街的尽头。</p><p> <span word="Well">Well</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="exam">exam</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="January">January</span>．</p><p> 一月底我们要参加英语考试。</p><p> <span word="They">They</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="patience">patience</span>．</p><p> 他们忍无可忍。</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="wits">wits</span>．</p><p> 他智穷才尽，束手无策。</p><p> <span word="By">By</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span>用于表示时间的场合，往往含有不迟于的意味。值得注意的是，<span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span>亦可用于表示时间的场合（见上面第二个例句），但其义和<span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span>有所不同。试对比下面两例：</p><p> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="January">January</span></p><p> 一月底（指一月份的最后一天）</p><p> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="January">January</span></p><p> 一月底之前（指一月份结束前的几天）</p><p> <span word="We">We</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="complete">complete</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="task">task</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="year">year</span>．</p><p> 年底之前我们必须完成此项任务。</p><p> <span word="Their">Their</span> <span word="communication">communication</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="end">end</span>．</p><p> 他们的交往到此为止。</p>
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