相似词语辨析【6】advance和advancement
<p> <span word="advance">advance</span>，<span word="advancement">advancement</span></p><p> <span word="Advance">Advance</span>用作名词时，很易和另一名词<span word="advancement">advancement</span> 混淆不清，因为这两个词都有前进、进步和进展之意。它们的区别如下：</p><p> 一般说来，<span word="advance">advance</span>含有自动的意味，<span word="advancement">advancement</span> 则含有被动的意味。例如：<span word="advance">advance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="science">science</span>是科学的进步； <span word="advancement">advancement</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="science">science</span>则是科学的被人推进。从下列两个例句，我们可以辨别出它们的区别：</p><p> <span word="Discovering">Discovering</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cure">cure</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="AIDS">AIDS</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="major">major</span> <span word="medical">medical</span> <span word="advance">advance</span>．</p><p> 发现治疗艾滋病的方法将是医学上的一大进展。</p><p> <span word="We">We</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="program">program</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="advancement">advancement</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="science">science</span>．</p><p> 我们已制定了一个发展科学的规划。</p><p> 通过上列例句的对比，我们可以联想到 <span word="advance">advance</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="rank">rank</span> 和 <span word="advancement">advancement</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="rank">rank</span>；<span word="advance">advance</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="industy">industy</span>和<span word="advancement">advancement</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="industry">industry</span>；<span word="advance">advance</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="society">society</span>和<span word="advancement">advancement</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="society">society</span>等语的涵义区别。</p><p> 在表示行军或向行进的意义时，只能用<span word="advance">advance</span>，不可以用<span word="advancement">advancement</span>.例：</p><p> <span word="They">They</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="done">done</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="resist">resist</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="advance">advance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="enemy">enemy</span>．</p><p> 他们已尽力阻挡敌人向前推进。</p><p> <span word="Road">Road</span> <span word="blocks">blocks</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="obstruct">obstruct</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="advance">advance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="demonstrators">demonstrators</span>．</p><p> 设置路障是要阻止示威人士前进。</p><p> 在某些固定的词组里，例如 <span word="in">in</span> <span word="advance">advance</span>、<span word="in">in</span> <span word="advance">advance</span> <span word="of">of</span>、<span word="be">be</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="advance">advance</span>，只能用<span word="advance">advance</span>，不可以用<span word="advancement">advancement</span>.如：</p>
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