相似词语辨析【39】close和near
<p> <span word="close">close</span>，<span word="near">near</span></p><p> 用作形容词时，<span word="close">close</span>很易与<span word="near">near</span>混淆不清。</p><p> <span word="Close">Close</span>的意思是紧接时、靠近时、近傍时，涵义比<span word="near">near</span>强。它既可以指地点、时间和次序上的接近，也可以指感情上的接近。例：</p><p> <span word="My">My</span> <span word="house">house</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="close">close</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="library">library</span>．</p><p> 我的家靠近公共图书馆。</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="examination">examination</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="close">close</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>．</p><p> 考期已逼近。</p><p> <span word="She">She</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="close">close</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="him">him</span>：<span word="They">They</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="close">close</span> <span word="friends">friends</span>．</p><p> 她和他很亲密：他门是很亲密的朋友。</p><p> <span word="First">First</span> <span word="cousins">cousins</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="close">close</span> <span word="relatives">relatives</span>．</p><p> 堂/表兄弟是近亲。</p><p> <span word="His">His</span> <span word="father">father</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="close">close</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="ninety">ninety</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="age">age</span>．</p><p> 他的父亲将近九十岁。</p><p> <span word="close">close</span> <span word="to">to</span>有时作大约解，如：</p><p> <span word="Close">Close</span> <span word="to">to</span> 4，000 <span word="young">young</span> <span word="men">men</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="took">took</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="sportsmeet">sportsmeet</span>．</p><p> 大约有四千名男女青年参加了这个运动会。</p><p> <span word="Near">Near</span>有时可以和<span word="close">close</span>互换使用，但涵义比<span word="close">close</span>弱。例如：我们形容两幢相近可见的房屋时，用<span word="near">near</span>；而形容屋檐相接的两幢房屋时，则用<span word="close">close</span>.因此，<span word="near">near</span>并不像<span word="close">close</span>具有紧接的意味，而是用以指距离较近或不久将要发生和实现之事。<span word="near">near</span>有时亦可指关系和感情的密切。例：</p><p> <span word="In">In</span> <span word="Hong">Hong</span> <span word="Kong">Kong</span>，<span word="residential">residential</span> <span word="houses">houses</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="quite">quite</span> <span word="near">near</span>（<span word="to">to</span>）<span word="the">the</span> <span word="airport">airport</span></p>
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