相似词语辨析【37】clean和cleanse
<p> <span word="clean">clean</span>，<span word="cleanse">cleanse</span></p><p> 用作动词时，<span word="clean">clean</span>很易和另一动词<span word="cleanse">cleanse</span>混淆不清。</p><p> <span word="Clean">Clean</span>的意思是使洁净、把去垢（<span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="clean">clean</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="washing">washing</span>，<span word="dusting">dusting</span>，<span word="sweeping">sweeping</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="brushing">brushing</span>）。如：<span word="to">to</span> <span word="clean">clean</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dress">dress</span>，<span word="room">room</span>，<span word="hand">hand</span>，<span word="shoe">shoe</span>，<span word="watch">watch</span>等。例：</p><p> <span word="Please">Please</span> <span word="clean">clean</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="shoes">shoes</span>．</p><p> 请把鞋刷干净。</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="cleaned">cleaned</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="floor">floor</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="water">water</span>．</p><p> 他用水冲洗地板。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="watch">watch</span> <span word="cleaned">cleaned</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="watch">watch</span>－<span word="shop">shop</span>．</p><p> 我的表已在一家钟表店清洁过了。</p><p> <span word="Cleanse">Cleanse</span>的意思是清洗干净，使纯洁（<span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="thoroughly">thoroughly</span> <span word="clean">clean</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="pure">pure</span>）。为此，<span word="cleanse">cleanse</span>含有彻底洗清之意味，语义比<span word="clean">clean</span>强得多。<span word="clean">clean</span>和<span word="cleanse">cleanse</span>的另一区别是前者为一般用语；后者是正式的（<span word="formal">formal</span>）或古旧的用语，有时它还能用于比喻意义，例如<span word="to">to</span> <span word="cleanse">cleanse</span> <span word="ones">ones</span> <span word="soul">soul</span>洗涤心灵；<span word="to">to</span> <span word="cleanse">cleanse</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="heart">heart</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sin">sin</span> 洗心革面；<span word="ethnic">ethnic</span> <span word="cleansing">cleansing</span>种族清洗/灭绝。</p><p> 下面请看例句：</p><p> <span word="We">We</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="cleansed">cleansed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="garden">garden</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="weeds">weeds</span>．</p><p> 我们已把花园里的杂草清除干净。</p><p> <span word="She">She</span> <span word="bought">bought</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="detergent">detergent</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="antiseptic">antiseptic</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dyeing">dyeing</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="cleansing">cleansing</span> <span word="store">store</span>．</p><p> 她从一家洗染商店买了洗洁精和消毒剂。</p><p> <span word="You">You</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="cleanse">cleanse</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="heart">heart</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="soul">soul</span>．</p>
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