相似词语辨析【38】climate和weather
<p> <span word="climate">climate</span>，<span word="weather">weather</span></p><p> 这两个词的词义有细微的差异，使用场合也有所不同。</p><p> <span word="Climate">Climate</span>指某地的平均气候或经常性的气候（<span word="average">average</span> <span word="weather">weather</span> <span word="conditions">conditions</span>）；<span word="weather">weather</span>指某地一时的天气，如寒暖、晴雨和干湿的变化情况（<span word="a">a</span> <span word="particular">particular</span> <span word="condition">condition</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="wind">wind</span>，<span word="rain">rain</span>，<span word="snow">snow</span>，<span word="sunshine">sunshine</span>，<span word="etc">etc</span>．）。例如：</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="climate">climate</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="mild">mild</span>，<span word="but">but</span> <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="places">places</span> <span word="experience">experience</span> <span word="bad">bad</span> <span word="weather">weather</span>．</p><p> 我国的气候是温和的，但有时个别地区也会出现坏天气。</p><p> 请再看下面的例句：</p><p> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="drier">drier</span> <span word="climate">climate</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="health">health</span>．</p><p> 比较干燥的天气也许会对你的健康有好处。</p><p> <span word="What">What</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="weather">weather</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="today">today</span>？</p><p> 今日天气如何？</p><p> <span word="In">In</span> <span word="Hong">Hong</span> <span word="Kong">Kong</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="seldom">seldom</span> <span word="wear">wear</span> <span word="galoshes">galoshes</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="wet">wet</span> <span word="weather">weather</span>．</p><p> 在香港下雨天很少有人穿童鞋。</p><p> 请注意，<span word="weather">weather</span>之前不可以用不定冠词<span word="a">a</span>来修饰。例如我们不可以说：<span word="What">What</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="brilliant">brilliant</span> <span word="weather">weather</span>！应把<span word="a">a</span>删去。</p><p> 另外，用作比喻义时，<span word="climate">climate</span>与<span word="weather">weather</span>都指环境，情况，但使用场合有些不同。例如：</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="favourable">favourable</span> <span word="political">political</span> <span word="climate">climate</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="conducive">conducive</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="investment">investment</span>．</p><p> 良好的政治气候有利于经济投资。</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="hostile">hostile</span> <span word="climate">climate</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="institute">institute</span> <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span>．</p>
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