相似词语辨析【52】disability和inability
<p> <span word="disability">disability</span>，<span word="inability">inability</span></p><p> 这一对词都表示无能之意，但涵义有细微的差异。</p><p> <span word="Disability">Disability</span>着重表示因受伤而变残废所引起的无能（<span word="lacking">lacking</span> <span word="ability">ability</span> <span word="caused">caused</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="injury">injury</span>）或因天生的缺陷而导致的无能（<span word="inherent">inherent</span> <span word="defect">defect</span>）；用于法律方面，它表示不够资格、不合格（<span word="legal">legal</span> <span word="disqualification">disqualification</span>）之意。例：</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="disability">disability</span> <span word="pension">pension</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="legs">legs</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="army">army</span>．</p><p> 他领取伤残抚恤金，因为他在军队服役时失去了双腿。</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="cheerful">cheerful</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="spite">spite</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="disability">disability</span>．</p><p> 他虽然有残疾（残废），但心情一直很愉快。</p><p> <span word="Inability">Inability</span> 着重表示缺少能力或缺乏手段（<span word="lack">lack</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="means">means</span>）的意味。如：</p><p> <span word="His">His</span> <span word="inability">inability</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="undertake">undertake</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="physical">physical</span> <span word="disabilities">disabilities</span>．</p><p> 他没有能力承担该工作，是由于他的残疾。</p><p> <span word="Can">Can</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="account">account</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="inability">inability</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="pay">pay</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="debt">debt</span>？</p><p> 您能否解释无法偿债的原因吗？</p><p> </p>
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