相似词语辨析【45】dancing-teacher和dancing teacher
<p> <span word="dancing">dancing</span>-<span word="teacher">teacher</span>，<span word="dancing">dancing</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span></p><p> 一般说来，（现在）分词和动名词作定语是比较容易区分的，前者表示状态，说明它形容的事物所作的动作；后者表示目的，不是说明它所形容的事物自己所作的动作，而是说明与它有关的动作。例如：</p><p> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="swimming">swimming</span> <span word="girl">girl</span>=<span word="a">a</span> <span word="girl">girl</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="swimming">swimming</span>（分词）</p><p> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="swimming">swimming</span>-<span word="pool">pool</span>＝<span word="a">a</span> <span word="pool">pool</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="swimming">swimming</span>（动名词）</p><p> 但是，有时区分作定语用的分词和动名词却是比较困难的。区分的方法大致可分为下列四种：</p><p> （一）把需要区分的词变成定语从句或短语，如表示目的，起名词（即介词宾语）作用的，是动名词；如表示状态，说明它形容的事物所作的动作，是分词。例：</p><p> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="smoking">smoking</span> <span word="room">room</span>＝<span word="a">a</span> <span word="room">room</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="apart">apart</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="purpose">purpose</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="smoking">smoking</span> （动名词）</p><p> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="smoking">smoking</span> <span word="chimney">chimney</span>=<span word="a">a</span> <span word="chimney">chimney</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="giving">giving</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="smoke">smoke</span>（分词）</p><p> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="method">method</span>＝<span word="method">method</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="working">working</span>（动名词）</p><p> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="people">people</span>=<span word="people">people</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="work">work</span>（分词）</p><p> （二）从外表形式区分。在修饰同一个名词时，当中有连字符的是动名词，没有连字符的是分词。如：</p><p> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dancing">dancing</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span>正在跳舞的教师（分词）</p><p> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dancing">dancing</span>－<span word="teacher">teacher</span>舞蹈教师（动名词）</p><p> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dancing">dancing</span> <span word="girl">girl</span>正在跳舞的女郎（分词）</p>
页:
[1]