相似词语辨析【71】first，firstly
<p> <span word="first">first</span>，<span word="firstly">firstly</span></p><p> 这两个词的意义很近似，又都有首先、第一之意，但使用场合不尽一致。</p><p> <span word="First">First</span>的使用范围较大，可以作名词、形容词和副词，有时还可以代替<span word="firstly">firstly</span>使用；<span word="firstly">firstly</span>的运用范围较小，只能作副词，用于列举事实或理由的场合。</p><p> 汉语里的首先、第一，在英语中是<span word="firstly">firstly</span>、<span word="first">first</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="all">all</span>、<span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="place">place</span>或干脆说<span word="first">first</span>；但汉语中的最后一点，英语里却不说<span word="last">last</span>，而是说<span word="lastly">lastly</span>或<span word="last">last</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="all">all</span>，这是应当记住的。</p><p> 下面是<span word="first">first</span>和<span word="firstly">firstly</span>通用的例句：</p><p> <span word="First">First</span>（<span word="or">or</span> <span word="Firstly">Firstly</span>），<span word="we">we</span> <span word="dice">dice</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pork">pork</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="marinate">marinate</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="and">and</span>，<span word="second">second</span> （<span word="or">or</span> <span word="secondly">secondly</span>），<span word="we">we</span> <span word="prepare">prepare</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dough">dough</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pie">pie</span>．</p><p> 首先，把猪肉切成肉丁并加醃料；其次是预备做馅饼的麦粉。</p><p> 但在下列场合里，<span word="first">first</span>却不可以和<span word="firstly">firstly</span>替换使用：</p><p> <span word="We">We</span> <span word="first">first</span>（不能用<span word="firstly">firstly</span>）<span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Beijing">Beijing</span>．</p><p> 我们先到深圳，然后上北京。</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="eat">eat</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="nut">nut</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="first">first</span>（不能用<span word="firstly">firstly</span>）<span word="crack">crack</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="shell">shell</span>．</p><p> 要吃核果，必须先破壳。</p><p> 下面是<span word="first">first</span>作名词和形容词的例句：</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="May">May</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="International">International</span> <span word="Labour">Labour</span> <span word="Day">Day</span>．</p><p> 五月一日是国际劳动节。</p>
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