相似词语辨析【57】due to和owing to
<p> <span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span>，<span word="owing">owing</span> <span word="to">to</span></p><p> 这一对词组都表示因为、由于之意，但用法和使用场合有所不同。</p><p> 在标准英语里，<span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span>只能用以引导形容词短语，不可引导副词短语。例如：</p><p> <span word="Our">Our</span> <span word="delay">delay</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="heavy">heavy</span> <span word="traffic">traffic</span>．</p><p> <span word="Mistakes">Mistakes</span> <span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="carelessness">carelessness</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="serious">serious</span> <span word="consequences">consequences</span>．</p><p> 在第一例中，<span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span>引导的短语在句中作表语，用在 <span word="verbto">verbto</span> <span word="be">be</span>之后；在第二例中，<span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span>引导的短语作定语，修饰前面的主语<span word="mistakes">mistakes</span>.主张语言纯正者（<span word="purists">purists</span>）认为，<span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span>不能引导副词短语，因此，下列句中的 <span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span>应改为 <span word="owing">owing</span> <span word="to">to</span>或 <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span>：</p><p> <span word="Due">Due</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="ill">ill</span> <span word="health">health</span>，<span word="he">he</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="attend">attend</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span></p><p> 由于健康不佳，他不能参加会议。</p><p> 事实上，在现代英语中，<span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span>也经常用以引导副词短语，下面数句均摘自英美刊物：</p><p> <span word="Due">Due</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="weather">weather</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="flight">flight</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="cancelled">cancelled</span>．</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="failed">failed</span> <span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="carelessness">carelessness</span>．</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="population">population</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="from">from</span> 50，000 <span word="in">in</span> 1730 <span word="to">to</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> 200，000 <span word="in">in</span> 1763，<span word="due">due</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="thousands">thousands</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Scotch">Scotch</span>－<span word="Irish">Irish</span>．</p><p> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="America">America</span>，<span word="where">where</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="predominate">predominate</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="pioneer">pioneer</span> <span word="times">times</span>，<span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="scarcity">scarcity</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="greater">greater</span> <span word="demands">demands</span>．</p><p> <span word="Owing">Owing</span> <span word="to">to</span>如同 <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span>或 <span word="on">on</span> <span word="account">account</span> <span word="of">of</span>一样，是个介词，只能引导副词短语。例：</p>
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