相似词语辨析【75】hardly，scarcely
<p> <span word="hardly">hardly</span>，<span word="scarcely">scarcely</span></p><p> 这一对副词都同样几乎不、几乎没有的否定意味，但涵义重心有细微的差异。</p><p> <span word="Hardly">Hardly</span>强调困难，指程度而言，常用以修饰表示能力的词，与<span word="can">can</span>、<span word="ever">ever</span>、<span word="any">any</span>等词连用。</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="hardly">hardly</span> <span word="knew">knew</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="say">say</span>．</p><p> 他简直不知道说什么才好。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="hardly">hardly</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="socialites">socialites</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="dignitaries">dignitaries</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="involved">involved</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="syndicated">syndicated</span> <span word="crime">crime</span>．</p><p> 我简直不能相信，一些社会名流，达官政要竟然涉及集团罪行。</p><p> <span word="scarcely">scarcely</span>强调不足，主要指数量而言，常与<span word="enough">enough</span>、<span word="sufficient">sufficient</span>、<span word="any">any</span>或数词连用。例：</p><p> <span word="When">When</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="played">played</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="piano">piano</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="scarcely">scarcely</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="old">old</span>．</p><p> 他懂得弹钢琴还不满四岁。</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="tram">tram</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="crowded">crowded</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="scarcely">scarcely</span> <span word="sufficient">sufficient</span> <span word="room">room</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="you">you</span>．</p><p> 电车上十分拥挤，几乎没有你立足之地。</p><p> <span word="At">At</span> <span word="midnight">midnight</span>，<span word="scarcely">scarcely</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="taxi">taxi</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="streets">streets</span>．</p><p> 午夜时分，街上几乎看不到一辆的士。</p><p> 请注意，在表示一就的涵义时，<span word="hardlywhen">hardlywhen</span>和<span word="scarcelybefore">scarcelybefore</span>，可互换使用。当<span word="hardly">hardly</span>或<span word="scarcely">scarcely</span>放在句首时，主句中的主语和辅助动词的次序要颠倒。例如：</p><p> <span word="Hardly">Hardly</span>（<span word="or">or</span> <span word="Scarcely">Scarcely</span>）<span word="had">had</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="entered">entered</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="station">station</span> <span word="when">when</span>（<span word="or">or</span> <span word="before">before</span>）<span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="train">train</span> <span word="left">left</span>．</p>
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