相似词语辨析【80】He has been ill for ten days．
<p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="ill">ill</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="ten">ten</span> <span word="days">days</span>．</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="ill">ill</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="ten">ten</span> <span word="days">days</span>．</p><p> 这两个句子用的时态不同，所以涵义也就不同。</p><p> 现在完成时表示某事发生或开始于过去某一时间，但其结果或影响到说话时依然存在。</p><p> 第二句用的是一般过去时，它表示过去发生的某一件事，不管此事和现在是否还有联系。</p><p> 因此，<span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="ill">ill</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="ten">ten</span> <span word="days">days</span>的涵义是他已病了十天，但现在病尚未好；<span word="He">He</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="ill">ill</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="ten">ten</span> <span word="days">days</span>的涵义是他（曾）病了十天（一般来说指现在病已痊愈，但也可能病尚未完全好）。</p><p> 与之类似区别的语句很多。例如：</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="lived">lived</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Hong">Hong</span> <span word="Kong">Kong</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="ten">ten</span> <span word="years">years</span>．</p><p> 他在香港已住了十年（现在还住在香潜）。</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="lived">lived</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Hong">Hong</span> <span word="King">King</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="ten">ten</span> <span word="years">years</span>．</p><p> 他曾在香港住过十年（现已不住在那里了）。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="saw">saw</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="only">only</span>．</p><p> 我（在某时某地）只见过她一次面。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="seen">seen</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="only">only</span>．</p><p> （从出生到现在）我只见过她一次面。</p><p> </p>
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