相似词语辨析【101】loaded，laden
<p> <span word="loaded">loaded</span>，<span word="laden">laden</span></p><p> 这一对词很易引起混淆。</p><p> <span word="Loaded">Loaded</span>是动词<span word="load">load</span>的过去式和过去分词，意为装载、装填。例：</p><p> <span word="We">We</span> <span word="loaded">loaded</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ship">ship</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="coal">coal</span>．</p><p> 我们把煤装到船上。</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Australian">Australian</span> <span word="rice">rice</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="loaded">loaded</span> <span word="upon">upon</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="wagon">wagon</span>．</p><p> 澳洲米装在货车上。</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="robber">robber</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="loaded">loaded</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="gun">gun</span>．</p><p> 该贼已将子弹装在他的枪上。</p><p> <span word="Laden">Laden</span>是动词<span word="lade">lade</span>的过去分词（<span word="lade">lade</span>已不再通用），意为负有、充满（<span word="heavily">heavily</span> <span word="loaded">loaded</span>，<span word="burdened">burdened</span>），在句中一般只用作形容词，并常用作比喻意。例：</p><p> <span word="My">My</span> <span word="mind">mind</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="laden">laden</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="grief">grief</span>．</p><p> 我的心非常悲伤。</p><p> <span word="That">That</span> <span word="robber">robber</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="laden">laden</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="guilt">guilt</span>．</p><p> 那个强盗恶贯满盈。</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="company">company</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="laden">laden</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="debt">debt</span>．</p><p> 该公司肩负重债。</p><p> 值得注意的是，<span word="loaded">loaded</span>和<span word="laden">laden</span>虽然来自两个不同的动词，但载满时却可互换使用。例如：</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="tree">tree</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="loaded">loaded</span> （<span word="or">or</span> <span word="laden">laden</span>）<span word="with">with</span> <span word="fruit">fruit</span>（树上结满了果子）</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="ship">ship</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="loaded">loaded</span>（<span word="or">or</span> <span word="laden">laden</span>）<span word="with">with</span> <span word="cotton">cotton</span>．（船上装满了棉花）</p><p> 在下面有比喻义的句子中，只能用<span word="laden">laden</span>，不能用<span word="loaded">loaded</span>：</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="town">town</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="filled">filled</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="smoke">smoke</span>-<span word="laden">laden</span> <span word="air">air</span>．</p>
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