相似词语辨析【98】less，lesser
<p> <span word="less">less</span>，<span word="lesser">lesser</span></p><p> 这两个词都是<span word="little">little</span>的比较级，都可指较少或较小。<span word="less">less</span>偏重于<span word="not">not</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="much">much</span>的意思，而<span word="lesser">lesser</span>偏重于<span word="not">not</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="great">great</span>或<span word="smaller">smaller</span>、<span word="minor">minor</span>、<span word="lower">lower</span>的意思。它们都可用于数量、重量、程度、重要性、价值等方面。它们最大的区别在于用法及跟其他词语搭配上的不同，二者又不能互掉使用。请比较下面各例：</p><p> （一）<span word="less">less</span>所修饰的名词是不可数的，且没有冠词在前，如：</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="received">received</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="pay">pay</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="he">he</span>．</p><p> 我收的薪金比他少。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lesser">lesser</span> <span word="sum">sum</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="money">money</span>．</p><p> 我得到较少的一份金钱。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="sugar">sugar</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="coffee">coffee</span>．</p><p> 我的咖啡要加少些糖。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="prefer">prefer</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lesser">lesser</span> <span word="amount">amount</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="meat">meat</span>．</p><p> 我选择较少量的肉食。</p><p> （二）<span word="less">less</span>可带<span word="than">than</span>，并指二者或多于二者的比较；<span word="lesser">lesser</span>不用<span word="than">than</span>，而用<span word="of">of</span>，并只限于二者的比较。</p><p> <span word="These">These</span> <span word="days">days</span>，<span word="I">I</span> <span word="eat">eat</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="rice">rice</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span>．</p><p> 近来我比以前少吃饭。</p><p> <span word="Rice">Rice</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="wheat">wheat</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="staple">staple</span> <span word="foods">foods</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="China">China</span>．<span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="north">north</span>，<span word="rice">rice</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lesser">lesser</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="two">two</span>．</p><p> 米和小麦是中国的两种主要食粮。在北方，米较小麦为次要。</p><p> （三）涉及程度、价值、重要性等方面时，一般用<span word="lesser">lesser</span>（指 <span word="smaller">smaller</span>，<span word="not">not</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="great">great</span>，<span word="minor">minor</span>，<span word="lower">lower</span>）：</p>
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