英语讲义【161】UP的用途
<p> 在英语里<span word="up">up</span>的用途极为广泛；它是副词虚助词，也是介词，词义不止一个。</p><p> 下面是<span word="up">up</span>的六项主要用途：</p><p> 一、作副词或介词，表示向上，如：</p><p> （1） <span word="The">The</span> <span word="monkey">monkey</span> <span word="climbed">climbed</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tree">tree</span>.</p><p> （2） <span word="Two">Two</span> <span word="boys">boys</span> <span word="helped">helped</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="up">up</span>.</p><p> （3） <span word="I">I</span> <span word="cant">cant</span> <span word="hear">hear</span> <span word="you">you</span>. <span word="Can">Can</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="please">please</span> <span word="speak">speak</span> <span word="up">up</span>?</p><p> 二、作副词或介词，意思由远处到近处、由南到北、由小地方到大地方，如：</p><p> （4） <span word="The">The</span> <span word="dog">dog</span>-<span word="trainer">trainer</span> <span word="led">led</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="street">street</span>.</p><p> （5） <span word="We">We</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="town">town</span>.</p><p> （6） <span word="This">This</span> <span word="train">train</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="running">running</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="north">north</span>.</p><p> （7） <span word="They">They</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="driven">driven</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="capital">capital</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Malaysia">Malaysia</span>.</p><p> 三、表示完毕。或起来，如：</p><p> （8）<span word="The">The</span> <span word="hungry">hungry</span> <span word="dog">dog</span> <span word="ate">ate</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="leftover">leftover</span> <span word="food">food</span>.</p><p> （9）<span word="The">The</span> <span word="library">library</span> <span word="staff">staff</span> <span word="piled">piled</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="books">books</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="order">order</span>.</p><p> 用动词+<span word="up">up</span>来表示做好、做完的例子很多，常见的还有这些：</p><p> <span word="Button">Button</span> <span word="up">up</span>, <span word="clear">clear</span> <span word="up">up</span>, <span word="dry">dry</span> <span word="up">up</span>, <span word="mix">mix</span> <span word="up">up</span>, <span word="tie">tie</span> <span word="up">up</span>, <span word="wrap">wrap</span> <span word="up">up</span>, <span word="pack">pack</span> <span word="up">up</span>, <span word="tidy">tidy</span> <span word="up">up</span>, <span word="use">use</span> <span word="up">up</span>等。</p><p> 四、可有可无的<span word="up">up</span>，如：</p><p> （10） <span word="The">The</span> <span word="road">road</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="blocked">blocked</span> （<span word="up">up</span>） <span word="for">for</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="flood">flood</span>.</p><p> （11） <span word="Please">Please</span> <span word="fill">fill</span> （<span word="up">up</span>） <span word="this">this</span> <span word="form">form</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="me">me</span>.</p>
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