英语讲义【145】句子的转换
<p> 所谓句子转换，就是将一种句式变成另外一种句式，或者用不同的方法表达相同的语意，使句型多样化，借以提升写作的效果。例如形容词和副词可以有不同程度的比较而仍然保持原意。</p><p> 下面的第一句是原级，可以变成第二句：比较级：</p><p> （1） <span word="Nancy">Nancy</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="lrene">lrene</span>.</p><p> （2） <span word="Irene">Irene</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="greater">greater</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="Nancy">Nancy</span>.</p><p> 同样的，主动语态可以变成被动语态而原意犹存。例如（3）是主动语态，（4）是被动语态，两句语意不变，只是重点改变。</p><p> （3） <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Lin">Lin</span> <span word="gave">gave</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="student">student</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="prize">prize</span>.</p><p> （4） <span word="The">The</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="student">student</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="prize">prize</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Lin">Lin</span>.</p><p> 还有，一种词类也可以变成另一种词类并保留原意。例如：</p><p> （5） <span word="a">a</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="customer">customer</span> <span word="examined">examined</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="jewels">jewels</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="carefully">carefully</span>.</p><p> <span word="b">b</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="customer">customer</span> <span word="examined">examined</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="jewels">jewels</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="care">care</span>.</p><p> （6） <span word="a">a</span>. <span word="She">She</span> <span word="tried">tried</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sing">sing</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="song">song</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="interesting">interesting</span> <span word="way">way</span>.</p><p> <span word="b">b</span>. <span word="She">She</span> <span word="tried">tried</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sing">sing</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="song">song</span> <span word="interestingly">interestingly</span>.</p><p> 此外，一种句子也可变成另一种句子：</p><p> 1. 简单句变成并列句</p><p> （<span word="Simple">Simple</span> <span word="Sentence">Sentence</span><span word="Compound">Compound</span> <span word="Sentence">Sentence</span>）</p><p> （1） <span word="I">I</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="achieve">achieve</span> <span word="something">something</span>.<span word="I">I</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="achieve">achieve</span> <span word="something">something</span>.</p>
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