英语讲义【129】不完整的结构
<p> 《由标点符号引起的错句》里谈到不完整和无休止的句子（<span word="run">run</span>-<span word="on">on</span> <span word="sentences">sentences</span>）时，我曾指出句子不可以一个接一个，只有逗号，没有句点。</p><p> 和不完整的句子有些相似的是不完整的结构（<span word="incomplete">incomplete</span> <span word="constructions">constructions</span>）。这种结构属高层次情况，偶尔出现，也不奇怪，但是若能避免，那就更好了。</p><p> 什么结构是不完整的呢？原因何在？</p><p> 顾名思义，不完整结构就是一个结构中欠缺了某个语言成分，以致不合规格，导致句法上的困惑。例如下列这个句子便出现结构不完整的瑕疵：</p><p> <span word="Thank">Thank</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="continuous">continuous</span> <span word="interest">interest</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="support">support</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="magazines">magazines</span>.</p><p> 这里要感谢的事有二：对杂志的兴趣与支持。</p><p> 英译中不成问题，但<span word="interest">interest</span>后面要加<span word="in">in</span>才可以和<span word="support">support</span> <span word="for">for</span>对称。缺少了<span word="in">in</span>，这结构便不完整了。像这种情形，最好将两件事分开，因此，上面那句话可以改写如下：</p><p> <span word="Thank">Thank</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="continuous">continuous</span> <span word="interest">interest</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="magazines">magazines</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="strong">strong</span> <span word="support">support</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="them">them</span>.</p><p> 同样的，下面三个结构不完整的句子，也要作适当的调整，使句子的意思清楚易解：</p><p> ① <span word="Sam">Sam</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="successful">successful</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="painting">painting</span>.</p><p> ② <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Chairmans">Chairmans</span> <span word="argument">argument</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="sound">sound</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="adopted">adopted</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="discussion">discussion</span>.</p>
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