英语讲义【119】动词修饰语
<p> 这里要谈副词短语的种类以及其他动词修饰语。</p><p> 副词短语由介词+名词／代词／动名词组成，可以表示时间（<span word="time">time</span>）、状况（<span word="manner">manner</span>）、原因（<span word="reason">reason</span>）、地点（<span word="place">place</span>）、方法（<span word="means">means</span>）、让步（<span word="concession">concession</span>）等。例如： </p><p> 1. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="oclock">oclock</span>.（时间）</p><p> 2. <span word="Ramat">Ramat</span> <span word="spoke">spoke</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="loud">loud</span> <span word="voice">voice</span>.（状况）</p><p> 3. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="failed">failed</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="sluggish">sluggish</span>.（原因）</p><p> 4. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="picnickers">picnickers</span> <span word="arrived">arrived</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="beach">beach</span>.（地点）</p><p> 5. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="cook">cook</span> <span word="cut">cut</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sharp">sharp</span> <span word="knife">knife</span>.（方法）</p><p> 6. <span word="Jason">Jason</span> <span word="turned">turned</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="spite">spite</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rain">rain</span>.（让步）</p><p> 如果不用短语，可以用副词表示时间、状况、地点，还有程度（<span word="degree">degree</span>）和频率（<span word="frequency">frequency</span>）等。例如： </p><p> 7. <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="something">something</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="before">before</span>.（时间）</p><p> 8. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="soldiers">soldiers</span> <span word="fought">fought</span> <span word="bravely">bravely</span>.（状况）</p><p> 9. <span word="Go">Go</span> <span word="there">there</span>, <span word="please">please</span>!（地点）</p><p> 10. <span word="I">I</span> <span word="quite">quite</span> <span word="understand">understand</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="problem">problem</span>.（程度）</p><p> 11. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="talk">talk</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="class">class</span>.（频率）</p><p> 除了副词和副词短语之外，另一种常见的动词修饰语，就是副词分句，可以表示时间、条件、地点、让步、目的、结果、比较等。例如： </p><p> 12. <span word="After">After</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="watched">watched</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="football">football</span> <span word="match">match</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="TV">TV</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bed">bed</span>.（时间）</p>
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