英语讲义【86】形容词句型
<p> 近年来,基于不同目的，到新加坡的外国人在不断增加中。这么一来，就有越来越多人要租买房子。下面这便条便是个急着要买政府组屋者发出的：</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="urgently">urgently</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="flat">flat</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="block">block</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="wish">wish</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sell">sell</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="flat">flat</span>, <span word="please">please</span> <span word="contact">contact</span> <span word="pager">pager</span>: <span word="xxxxxxxx">xxxxxxxx</span>.</p><p> 这便条的目的一目了然，但是第一个句子里出现了两个错误。一个是词类（<span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="speech">speech</span>）问题，另一个是句型（<span word="sentence">sentence</span> <span word="pattern">pattern</span>）。</p><p> 大家知道，英语接系动词（<span word="linking">linking</span> <span word="verbs">verbs</span>）<span word="be">be</span>等后面必须要有补足语（<span word="complements">complements</span>）。主要的是名词或形容词，也可以是表示地方的副词或副词短语，如：</p><p> ① <span word="Jason">Jason</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span>.</p><p> ② <span word="Helens">Helens</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="hair">hair</span> <span word="style">style</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="fashionable">fashionable</span>.</p><p> ③ <span word="Who">Who</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="there">there</span>?</p><p> ④ <span word="All">All</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="classroom">classroom</span>.</p><p> ⑤ <span word="John">John</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="business">business</span> <span word="man">man</span>.</p><p> ⑥ <span word="That">That</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="rich">rich</span>.</p><p> ⑦ <span word="I">I</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="London">London</span> <span word="before">before</span>.</p><p> ⑧ <span word="Tom">Tom</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="Sam">Sam</span> <span word="visited">visited</span> <span word="him">him</span>.</p><p> 不管是<span word="is">is</span>, <span word="are">are</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span>, <span word="was">was</span>, <span word="been">been</span>等，它们都是<span word="be">be</span>不同形态的接系动词，跟着的补足语是名词（见①和⑤）、形容词（见 ②和⑥）、地点副词（#见③和⑧）和地点副词短语（见④和⑦）。</p><p> 便条中用的是<span word="urgently">urgently</span>，这是个状态副词（<span word="adverb">adverb</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="manner">manner</span>），不适宜充当补足语；应该改用形容词<span word="urgent">urgent</span>，才合语法。麻烦的是：合语法、不合用法。</p>
页:
[1]