英语讲义【72】名词修饰语㈡
<p> 上一期举出了10种名词修饰语，它们多数是出现在名词前面的单字单词。</p><p> 这里要谈及另外两种很重要的名词修饰语：一种是形容词短语（ <span word="adjective">adjective</span> <span word="phrases">phrases</span>）；另一种是形容词从句（<span word="adjective">adjective</span> <span word="clauses">clauses</span>）。</p><p> 形容词短语分介词短语（如例①）、现在分词短语（如例②）和过去分词短语（如例③）：</p><p> ① <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="corner">corner</span>, <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="table">table</span>, <span word="from">from</span> <span word="China">China</span>, <span word="of">of</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="ability">ability</span>等，如： <span word="The">The</span> <span word="books">books</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="table">table</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="mine">mine</span>.</p><p> ② <span word="standing">standing</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="platform">platform</span>, <span word="seeing">seeing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="danger">danger</span>, <span word="hearing">hearing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="noise">noise</span>等，如： <span word="Standing">Standing</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="platform">platform</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="speaker">speaker</span> <span word="looked">looked</span> <span word="nervous">nervous</span>.</p><p> ③ <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="surprise">surprise</span>, <span word="awakened">awakened</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="noise">noise</span>, <span word="frightened">frightened</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="wits">wits</span>等，如： <span word="Awakened">Awakened</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="noise">noise</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="baby">baby</span> <span word="cried">cried</span>.</p><p> 就位置来说，介词短语紧随被修饰的名词，如：</p><p> ④ <span word="The">The</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="corner">corner</span> <span word="looks">looks</span> <span word="pale">pale</span>.</p><p> ⑤ <span word="The">The</span> <span word="flowers">flowers</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="vase">vase</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="fading">fading</span>.</p><p> ⑥ <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="met">met</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="visitors">visitors</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="China">China</span>.</p><p> 现在分词短语由现在分词引导而出，可以在主语名词前面（如例 ⑦）或后面（如例⑧），也可以在宾语后面（如例⑨）：</p><p> ⑦ <span word="Looking">Looking</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="gigantic">gigantic</span> <span word="stranger">stranger</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="girl">girl</span> <span word="cried">cried</span>.</p><p> ⑧ <span word="Jim">Jim</span>, <span word="seeing">seeing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="danger">danger</span>, <span word="hurried">hurried</span> <span word="home">home</span>.</p><p> ⑨ <span word="Can">Can</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fish">fish</span> <span word="swimming">swimming</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pool">pool</span>?</p>
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