英语讲义【60】具副词功能的不定式动词短语
<p> 不定式动词（<span word="the">the</span> <span word="infinitive">infinitive</span>）或不定式动词短语（<span word="the">the</span> <span word="infinitive">infinitive</span> <span word="phrase">phrase</span>）的功能之一是修饰动词。这种具副词功能的不定式动词或短语，和分词短语一样，可以在句子中发挥不同作用，包括目的、结果、原因、比较。</p><p> Ⅰ表示目的，如：</p><p> ● <span word="To">To</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="language">language</span> <span word="well">well</span>, <span word="one">one</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="efforts">efforts</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="tenacity">tenacity</span>.</p><p> ● <span word="To">To</span> <span word="prevent">prevent</span> <span word="war">war</span>, <span word="big">big</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="small">small</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="promote">promote</span> <span word="international">international</span> <span word="understanding">understanding</span>.</p><p> ● <span word="Zhiqiang">Zhiqiang</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="office">office</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="ask">ask</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="question">question</span>.</p><p> ● <span word="The">The</span> <span word="warden">warden</span> <span word="walked">walked</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="building">building</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="nothing">nothing</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="wrong">wrong</span>. 表示目的的不定式动词短语可以在句首，也可以在句尾。在句首时，可以加上<span word="in">in</span> <span word="order">order</span>；在句尾时，可以附以<span word="so">so</span> <span word="as">as</span>，如：</p><p> ● <span word="In">In</span> <span word="order">order</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="win">win</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="table">table</span>-<span word="tennis">tennis</span> <span word="match">match</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="players">players</span> <span word="practised">practised</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="night">night</span>.</p><p> ● <span word="Betty">Betty</span> <span word="worked">worked</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="catch">catch</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rest">rest</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="class">class</span>.</p><p> Ⅱ表示结果，如：</p><p> ● <span word="Indonesia">Indonesia</span> <span word="beat">beat</span> <span word="Denmark">Denmark</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="badminton">badminton</span> <span word="tournament">tournament</span>.</p><p> ● <span word="Sam">Sam</span> <span word="passed">passed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="final">final</span> <span word="examination">examination</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="qualify">qualify</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="phase">phase</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="study">study</span>.</p><p> 表示结果的不定式动词短语出现在句尾，而且经常以预料不到的情况出现，如：</p><p> ● <span word="After">After</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="short">short</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="separated">separated</span>, <span word="never">never</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="again">again</span>.</p>
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