英语讲义【64】容易混淆的形容词和副词
<p> 形容词用来修饰名词；副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子。可是，有时形容词和副词容易混淆。例如<span word="A">A</span> <span word="fast">fast</span> <span word="train">train</span> <span word="reached">reached</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="destination">destination</span> <span word="fast">fast</span>中的第一个<span word="fast">fast</span>是形容词，第二个就是副词。此外，有些词既能是形容词，也能是副词，有些词义不变，另些词义不同；有些形容词加上后缀-<span word="ly">ly</span>构成的副词和原来的形容词意思相近，但有一些意义则相差甚远；更有些形容词，除自己本身能兼而充当副词之外，又可以再加上后缀-<span word="ly">ly</span>构成派生副词，若不小心，容易引起混淆。</p><p> 下面分别举例说明：</p><p> ⑴可作形容词又可作副词，词义不同如：</p><p> ①<span word="a">a</span>. <span word="Joelle">Joelle</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="pretty">pretty</span> <span word="child">child</span>.（形容词）</p><p> <span word="b">b</span>. <span word="Tom">Tom</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="pretty">pretty</span> <span word="soon">soon</span>.（副词）</p><p> ②<span word="a">a</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="ill">ill</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="time">time</span>.（形容词）</p><p> <span word="b">b</span>. <span word="Dont">Dont</span> <span word="speak">speak</span> <span word="ill">ill</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="others">others</span>.（副词）</p><p> ⑵既是形容词，也是副词，句子中的语法功能不同，但意义一样，如：</p><p> ③<span word="a">a</span>. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="deep">deep</span> <span word="ocean">ocean</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> !（深的）</p><p> <span word="b">b</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="boy">boy</span> <span word="dug">dug</span> <span word="deep">deep</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ground">ground</span>.（深）</p><p> ④<span word="a">a</span>. <span word="Look">Look</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="mountain">mountain</span>!（高的）</p><p> <span word="b">b</span>. <span word="Birds">Birds</span> <span word="fly">fly</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sky">sky</span>.（高）</p><p> ⑶形容词可以充当副词，又可以加上后缀，构成派生副词。在某些场合，两者相近，可以通用（如例⑤和⑥）；在另一些场合里，两者意思有异，不可混为一谈（如例⑦和⑧）：</p>
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