英语讲义【50】具副词功能的现在分词短语
<p> 在英语里，我们可以用现在分词（<span word="present">present</span> <span word="participles">participles</span>）或现在分词短语（<span word="present">present</span> <span word="participial">participial</span> <span word="phrases">phrases</span>）充当副词修饰动词。这是英语中一种极为普遍的句子结构，在书面语中，用得甚多，表示的意义也有好几种。现在分述如下：</p><p> ⒈表示办事方法或行动方式，如： ● <span word="Feeling">Feeling</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="along">along</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rocks">rocks</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mountaineer">mountaineer</span> <span word="reached">reached</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="peak">peak</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hill">hill</span>.</p><p> ● <span word="Flinging">Flinging</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="arm">arm</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="face">face</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="girl">girl</span> <span word="pretended">pretended</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="burst">burst</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="tears">tears</span>.</p><p> ⒉表示伴随状况，如： ● <span word="The">The</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="men">men</span> <span word="shook">shook</span> <span word="hands">hands</span>, <span word="smiling">smiling</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="other">other</span>.</p><p> ● <span word="The">The</span> <span word="demonstrators">demonstrators</span> <span word="marched">marched</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="street">street</span>, <span word="chanting">chanting</span> <span word="political">political</span> <span word="slogans">slogans</span>.</p><p> ● <span word="Irene">Irene</span> <span word="saw">saw</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="husband">husband</span> <span word="glance">glance</span> <span word="toward">toward</span> <span word="her">her</span>, <span word="disapproving">disapproving</span>.</p><p> ● <span word="A">A</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="friends">friends</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="victim">victim</span> <span word="stood">stood</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="house">house</span>, <span word="still">still</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sense">sense</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="shock">shock</span>, <span word="conversing">conversing</span> <span word="quietly">quietly</span>.</p><p> ⒊表示原因，如： ● <span word="Living">Living</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="city">city</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="enjoy">enjoy</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lot">lot</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="modern">modern</span> <span word="amenities">amenities</span>.</p><p> ● <span word="Meeting">Meeting</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cold">cold</span> <span word="reception">reception</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="relatives">relatives</span> <span word="house">house</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="rage">rage</span>.</p><p> ● <span word="Having">Having</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="story">story</span> <span word="before">before</span>, <span word="Joelle">Joelle</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="heed">heed</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="more">more</span>.</p><p> ● <span word="Being">Being</span> <span word="written">written</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="hurry">hurry</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="essay">essay</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="fraught">fraught</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="errors">errors</span>.</p><p> ⒋.表示时间，如： ● <span word="Reaching">Reaching</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dilapidated">dilapidated</span> <span word="castle">castle</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="slowed">slowed</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="pace">pace</span>.</p><p> ● <span word="Finding">Finding</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hidden">hidden</span> <span word="treasure">treasure</span> , <span word="they">they</span> <span word="discussed">discussed</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="divide">divide</span> <span word="it">it</span>.</p>
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