英语讲义【37】几个发展迅速的词缀
<p> 英语常用词缀类别有限，数目也不太多。但是有几个词缀发展得相当迅速，令人注目。</p><p> 下面便是三个运用愈来愈广的前缀：</p><p> Ⅰ<span word="de">de</span>-</p><p> 主要意思有三：</p><p> ㈠除去，如：<span word="dewax">dewax</span>（去蜡）；去泡沫）；<span word="degum">degum</span>（去胶）；<span word="deflea">deflea</span>（除去跳蚤）。</p><p> ㈡非化，如：<span word="denuclearise">denuclearise</span>（非核武器化）； <span word="decontaminate">decontaminate</span>（非污染化）；<span word="denationalise">denationalise</span>（非国有化）； <span word="derecognition">derecognition</span>（撤销承认）。</p><p> ㈢降低、向下，如：<span word="de">de</span>-<span word="emphasize">emphasize</span>（不强调）； <span word="de">de</span>-<span word="escalation">escalation</span>（行动降级）；<span word="devaluation">devaluation</span>（贬值）； <span word="deindustrialisation">deindustrialisation</span>（工业化降温）。</p><p> Ⅱ<span word="mini">mini</span>-</p><p> 这个前缀的意思是小型、微型，如：</p><p> <span word="mini">mini</span>-<span word="rocket">rocket</span>（小型火箭）；<span word="mini">mini</span>-<span word="budget">budget</span>（小预算案）； <span word="mini">mini</span>-<span word="report">report</span>（小型报告）；<span word="mini">mini</span>-<span word="parade">parade</span>（小型检阅）；<span word="mini">mini</span>-<span word="break">break</span> （小假期）；<span word="mini">mini</span>-<span word="skirt">skirt</span>（小裙）。</p><p> Ⅲ<span word="super">super</span>-</p><p> <span word="Super">Super</span>-这前缀的意思是超级、在上，如：</p><p> <span word="Superman">Superman</span>（超人）；<span word="super">super</span>-<span word="star">star</span>（超级明星）；<span word="superpower">superpower</span>（超级强国）；<span word="supermarket">supermarket</span>（超级市场）；<span word="superhighway">superhighway</span>（超级公路）；<span word="super">super</span>-<span word="ultra">ultra</span>（最尖端的）；<span word="super">super</span>-<span word="saturated">saturated</span>（过度饱和的）； <span word="superabundant">superabundant</span>（极其丰富的）。</p><p> 除了前缀之外，几个后缀也渐渐普及起来，特别是在商业广告以及政界、教育界等方面的资讯里。</p>
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