代词精讲(10)
<p> 3.10 疑问代词</p><p> 1） 疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用，用来构成疑问句。疑问代词有下列几个：</p><p> 指人： <span word="who">who</span>, <span word="whom">whom</span>, <span word="whose">whose</span></p><p> 指物： <span word="what">what</span></p><p> 既可指人又可指物： <span word="which">which</span></p><p> 2） 疑问代词在句中应位于谓语动词之前，没有性和数的变化，除<span word="who">who</span>之外也没有格的变化。<span word="what">what</span>, <span word="which">which</span>, <span word="whose">whose</span>还可作限定词。试比较：</p><p> 疑问代词：<span word="Whose">Whose</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="books">books</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="desk">desk</span>? 桌上的书是谁的？</p><p> <span word="What">What</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="directional">directional</span> <span word="flow">flow</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="U">U</span>. <span word="S">S</span>. <span word="territorial">territorial</span> <span word="expansion">expansion</span>? 美国的领土扩张是朝哪个方向的？</p><p> 限定词：<span word="Whose">Whose</span> <span word="books">books</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="desk">desk</span>? 桌上的书是谁的？</p><p> <span word="What">What</span> <span word="events">events</span> <span word="led">led</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="east">east</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Mississippi">Mississippi</span> <span word="River">River</span> <span word="becoming">becoming</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span>?</p><p> 哪些事件使密西西比河以东的大部分土地归属于美国？</p><p> 说明1：无论是做疑问代词还是限定词，<span word="which">which</span> 和 <span word="what">what</span> 所指的范围不同。<span word="what">what</span>所指的范围是无限的，而<span word="which">which</span>则指在一定的范围内。例如：</p><p> <span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="girls">girls</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="best">best</span>? 你喜欢哪几个姑娘？</p><p> <span word="What">What</span> <span word="girls">girls</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="best">best</span>? 你喜欢什么样的姑娘？</p><p> 说明2：<span word="Whom">Whom</span>是<span word="who">who</span>的宾格，在书面语中，它作动词宾语或介词宾语，在口语中作宾语时，可用<span word="who">who</span>代替，但在介词后只能用<span word="whom">whom</span>, 例如：</p>
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