英语讲义【9】动词形态不对应
<p> 一个好的句子中，每个等立成分都要以相同的形式出现。这种句法加强了文字的功力，使文章产生更大的效益。</p><p> 如果同一句中应该等立的成分不对应，不但效益不好，而且也是一种句法上的缺陷。</p><p> 下面两则广告中的第二个动词形态就和前面的不对应，因此属于一种字形上的错误：</p><p> ① <span word="If">If</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="intend">intend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="buy">buy</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="sell">sell</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="property">property</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="having">having</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="queries">queries</span>, <span word="please">please</span> <span word="feel">feel</span> <span word="free">free</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="call">call</span> <span word="me">me</span> .</p><p> ② <span word="You">You</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="charge">charge</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="interviewing">interviewing</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="shortlisting">shortlisting</span> <span word="candidates">candidates</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="assist">assist</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="recruitment">recruitment</span> <span word="of">of</span> 500 <span word="staff">staff</span>.</p><p> 在第一句里的<span word="having">having</span>应改为<span word="have">have</span>才对。不然，就要把这个分句完全写出来：</p><p> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="queries">queries</span>, </p><p> 第二句里的<span word="and">and</span>是衔接前面的动名词<span word="interviewing">interviewing</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="shortlisting">shortlisting</span>和后面的动名词<span word="assisting">assisting</span>。显然，这里不用动名词而用不定式动词<span word="to">to</span> <span word="assist">assist</span>，也是犯了动词形式不对应的错误，非改正不可。</p><p> 还有，根据字词的排列，<span word="shortlisting">shortlisting</span>要排在 <span word="interviewing">interviewing</span>前面，才合逻辑。</p><p> ①和②这类的错误相当普遍。虽然这样的错误不会影响人们对文章的理解，但是总不是件文字上的好事，还是多多注意，尽量避免好。</p><p> 同样的，下列 5 个从学生作业中找出来的句子，也犯了同样的毛病：</p>
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