［形容词和副词］形容词与副词的比较级
<p> 大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。</p><p> 1） 规则变化</p><p> 单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-<span word="er">er</span>，-<span word="est">est</span>来构成比较级和最高级。</p><p>构成法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词未尾加-<span word="er">er</span>,-<span word="est">est</span><span word="tall">tall</span><span word="taller">taller</span><span word="tallest">tallest</span>以不发音的<span word="e">e</span>结尾的单音词和少数以- <span word="le">le</span>结尾的双音节词只加-<span word="r">r</span>,-<span word="st">st</span><span word="nice">nice</span><span word="nicer">nicer</span><span word="nicest">nicest</span>以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-<span word="er">er</span>,-<span word="est">est</span><span word="big">big</span><span word="bigger">bigger</span><span word="biggest">biggest</span>以辅音字母+<span word="y">y</span>结尾的双音节词，改<span word="y">y</span>为<span word="i">i</span>，再加-<span word="er">er</span>，-<span word="est">est</span> <span word="busy">busy</span><span word="busier">busier</span><span word="busiest">busiest</span>少数以-<span word="er">er</span>,-<span word="ow">ow</span>结尾的双音节词未尾加-<span word="er">er</span>,-<span word="est">est</span><span word="clever">clever</span>/<span word="narrow">narrow</span><span word="cleverer">cleverer</span>/ <span word="narrower">narrower</span><span word="cleverest">cleverest</span>/ <span word="narrowest">narrowest</span>其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加<span word="more">more</span>，<span word="most">most</span>来构成比较级和最高级<span word="important">important</span>/ <span word="easily">easily</span><span word="more">more</span> <span word="important">important</span>/ <span word="more">more</span> <span word="easily">easily</span><span word="most">most</span> <span word="important">important</span>/ <span word="most">most</span> <span word="easily">easily</span></p><p> 2） 不规则变化</p><p>原级比较级最高级<span word="good">good</span><span word="better">better</span><span word="best">best</span><span word="well">well</span>（健康的）<span word="worse">worse</span><span word="worst">worst</span><span word="bad">bad</span><span word="ill">ill</span>（有病的）<span word="old">old</span><span word="older">older</span>/<span word="elder">elder</span><span word="oldest">oldest</span>/<span word="eldest">eldest</span><span word="much">much</span>/<span word="many">many</span><span word="more">more</span><span word="most">most</span><span word="little">little</span><span word="less">less</span><span word="least">least</span><span word="far">far</span><span word="farther">farther</span>/<span word="further">further</span><span word="farthest">farthest</span>/<span word="furthest">furthest</span></p>
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