［动词的时态］比较since和for
<p> <span word="Since">Since</span> 用来说明动作起始时间，<span word="for">for</span>用来说明动作延续时间长度。例如：</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="lived">lived</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="twenty">twenty</span> <span word="years">years</span>.我住在这儿二十多年了。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="lived">lived</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="since">since</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="born">born</span>. 我从出生起就住在这儿了。</p><p> 注意：并非有<span word="for">for</span> 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="worked">worked</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="twenty">twenty</span> <span word="years">years</span>. （我现在已不在这里工作。）</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="worked">worked</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="years">years</span>.（现在我仍在这里工作。）</p><p> 注意：用句型转换的方法，很容易排除非延续动词在有<span word="for">for</span>/<span word="since">since</span>结构的完成时中的误用。</p><p> 1）（对） <span word="Tom">Tom</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="studied">studied</span> <span word="Russian">Russian</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="years">years</span>. = <span word="Tom">Tom</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="Russian">Russian</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>， <span word="and">and</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="studying">studying</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="now">now</span>.</p><p> 2）（错） <span word="Harry">Harry</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="married">married</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="years">years</span>. = <span word="Harry">Harry</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="married">married</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>， <span word="and">and</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="getting">getting</span> <span word="married">married</span> <span word="now">now</span>.</p><p> 显然，第二句不对，它应改为 <span word="Harry">Harry</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="married">married</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>. 或 <span word="Harry">Harry</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="married">married</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="years">years</span>.</p><p> </p>
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