英语讲义【5】定冠词的常见用法
<p> 在《定冠词省不得》一文里，谈到了 5 个必须用定冠词的例子。</p><p> 定冠词也出现在其他 11 种情况中，非同时注意不可。</p><p> ⑴用在单数名词前面，以代表同类的人或物，如：</p><p> ● <span word="The">The</span> <span word="ox">ox</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="useful">useful</span> <span word="animal">animal</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="farmers">farmers</span>.</p><p> ● <span word="This">This</span> <span word="type">type</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="easier">easier</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="student">student</span>.</p><p> 但当涉及 <span word="man">man</span> 和 <span word="woman">woman</span> 这两个名词时，一般上不必用 <span word="the">the</span> ：</p><p> ● <span word="Man">Man</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="mortal">mortal</span>.</p><p> ● <span word="Woman">Woman</span> <span word="differs">differs</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="ways">ways</span>.</p><p> ⑵用在单数名词前面来表示有关名词的抽象概念，如：</p><p> ● <span word="Dont">Dont</span> <span word="play">play</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fool">fool</span>.</p><p> ● <span word="Peter">Peter</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="fond">fond</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bottle">bottle</span>.</p><p> ⑶用在数目字前面，如：</p><p> ● <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Li">Li</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="somewhere">somewhere</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> 30<span word="s">s</span>.</p><p> ● <span word="She">She</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="yet">yet</span> <span word="born">born</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> 50<span word="s">s</span>.</p><p> ⑷用在测量单位前面，以表示每（<span word="each">each</span>/<span word="per">per</span>），如：</p><p> ● <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="factory">factory</span> <span word="workers">workers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="paid">paid</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hour">hour</span>.</p><p> ● <span word="This">This</span> <span word="car">car</span> <span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="does">does</span> 15 <span word="kilometres">kilometres</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="litre">litre</span>.</p><p> ⑸用在比较级形容词或副词之前，以加强其意义，如：</p><p> ● <span word="The">The</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span> <span word="explained">explained</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="again">again</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="none">none</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="wiser">wiser</span>.</p><p> ● <span word="Your">Your</span> <span word="mind">mind</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="function">function</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="away">away</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="work">work</span>.</p>
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