小学语法梳理
<p> 第一部分;基础知识</p><p> 1.字母：26个字母的大小写</p><p> <span word="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ">ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ</span></p><p> <span word="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz">abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz</span></p><p> 2.语音：元音的发音</p><p> 五个元音字母：<span word="AEIOU">AEIOU</span></p><p> 12个单元音：长元音：/ɑ:/，/:/，/:/， /<span word="i">i</span>:/，/<span word="u">u</span>:/</p><p> 短元音：// /<span word="e">e</span>/ /<span word="i">i</span>/ // // /<span word="u">u</span>/ //</p><p> 3.词汇：词汇量，近反义词</p><p> 4.句子：大小写，标点符号</p><p> 第二部分：语法知识</p><p> 一.名词：名词单复数，名词的格</p><p> (一)名词单复数</p><p> 1.一般情况，直接加-<span word="s">s</span>，如：<span word="book">book</span>-<span word="books">books</span>, <span word="bag">bag</span>-<span word="bags">bags</span>, <span word="cat">cat</span>-<span word="cats">cats</span>, <span word="bed">bed</span>-<span word="beds">beds</span></p><p> 2.以<span word="s">s</span>. <span word="x">x</span>. <span word="sh">sh</span>. <span word="ch">ch</span>结尾，加-<span word="es">es</span>，如：<span word="bus">bus</span>-<span word="buses">buses</span>, <span word="box">box</span>-<span word="boxes">boxes</span>, <span word="brush">brush</span>-<span word="brushes">brushes</span>, <span word="watch">watch</span>-<span word="watches">watches</span></p><p> 3.以辅音字母+<span word="y">y</span>结尾，变<span word="y">y</span>为<span word="i">i</span>, 再加-<span word="es">es</span>，如：<span word="family">family</span>-<span word="families">families</span>, <span word="strawberry">strawberry</span>-<span word="strawberries">strawberries</span></p><p> 4.以<span word="f">f</span>或<span word="fe">fe</span>结尾，变<span word="f">f</span>或<span word="fe">fe</span>为<span word="v">v</span>, 再加-<span word="es">es</span>，如：<span word="knife">knife</span>-<span word="knives">knives</span></p><p> 5.不规则名词复数：</p><p> <span word="man">man</span>-<span word="men">men</span>, <span word="woman">woman</span>-<span word="women">women</span>, <span word="policeman">policeman</span>-<span word="policemen">policemen</span>, <span word="policewoman">policewoman</span>-<span word="policewomen">policewomen</span>, <span word="mouse">mouse</span>-<span word="mice">mice</span></p><p> <span word="child">child</span>-<span word="children">children</span>, <span word="foot">foot</span>-<span word="feet">feet</span>, <span word="tooth">tooth</span>-<span word="teeth">teeth</span>, <span word="fish">fish</span>-<span word="fish">fish</span>, <span word="people">people</span>-<span word="people">people</span>, <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span>-<span word="Chinese">Chinese</span>, <span word="Japanese">Japanese</span>-<span word="Japanese">Japanese</span></p><p> 不可数名词的复数就是原型： <span word="paper">paper</span>, <span word="juice">juice</span>, <span word="water">water</span>, <span word="milk">milk</span>, <span word="rice">rice</span>, <span word="tea">tea</span></p>
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