作文高分策略：谨防汉语干扰
<p> 无论是平时的教师披阅作文，还是参加英语考试的作文阅卷，总发现考生的英文表述中会出现一个普遍的问题：汉语干扰，即将英语句子完全按汉语语序表达出来，全然不顾英语的语法要求和表达习惯。</p><p> 如：<span word="There">There</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="picture">picture</span> <span word="described">described</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="boy">boy</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="running">running</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="race">race</span>. 这完全是在按汉语的语序说英语，是违背英语的句法规定的。英语句法非常注重句子之间形式上的衔接，一定要借住关系词把几层句意既区分又连贯地表达清楚。这句话实际有三层语义（三个子句）：有一幅画，画中是个男孩，男孩在跑步。用英语说，得说成三句，又要连贯在一起。正确的说法应该是<span word="There">There</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="picture">picture</span> (<span word="which">which</span>) <span word="described">described</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="boy">boy</span> (<span word="who">who</span>) <span word="was">was</span> <span word="running">running</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="race">race</span>.</p><p> 再如：<span word="Although">Although</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="tired">tired</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="much">much</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="goes">goes</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="running">running</span>, <span word="without">without</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="meaning">meaning</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="stop">stop</span>.句中“<span word="without">without</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="meaning">meaning</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="stop">stop</span>”意思是“没有停下来的意思”，这是一个典型的汉语口头语，不能完全按汉语的说法想当然地剥制成英语，这会让美国人一头雾水。严格来讲，就英语表述而言，这部分可以不必再说了，因为<span word="Although">Although</span>...,<span word="he">he</span> <span word="goes">goes</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="running">running</span>.意思已经很清楚了，已经包含这层意思。</p><p> 又如：<span word="In">In</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="opinion">opinion</span>, <span word="love">love</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="actually">actually</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="noblest">noblest</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="worthy">worthy</span> <span word="feelings">feelings</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="mankind">mankind</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="love">love</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="especially">especially</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="really">really</span> <span word="needed">needed</span> <span word="persons">persons</span>. 划线部分又是汉语语序的直接铺陈，正确的表述应该是...<span word="given">given</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="persons">persons</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="really">really</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="love">love</span>.</p>
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