英语延续动词与非延续动词的转换
<p> 一. 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作, 如：<span word="learn">learn</span>, <span word="work">work</span>, <span word="stand">stand</span>, <span word="lie">lie</span>, <span word="know">know</span>, <span word="walk">walk</span>, <span word="keep">keep</span>, <span word="have">have</span>, <span word="wait">wait</span>, <span word="watch">watch</span>, <span word="sing">sing</span>, <span word="read">read</span>, <span word="sleep">sleep</span>, <span word="live">live</span>, <span word="stay">stay</span>等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。</p><p> 表示时间段的短语有:<span word="for">for</span>+一段时间,<span word="for">for</span> 2 <span word="years">years</span>; <span word="since">since</span>从句,<span word="since">since</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="here">here</span>; <span word="since">since</span>+时间点名词,<span word="since">since</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="year">year</span>, <span word="since">since</span> 5 <span word="days">days</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>; <span word="how">how</span> <span word="long">long</span>; <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="time">time</span>等。</p><p> 例: <span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="lived">lived</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="for">for</span> 6 <span word="years">years</span>. </p><p> <span word="You">You</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="keep">keep</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="for">for</span> 5 <span word="days">days</span>. </p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="stayed">stayed</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="for">for</span> 2 <span word="weeks">weeks</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="year">year</span>. </p><p> <span word="How">How</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="stay">stay</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="year">year</span>?</p><p> 二. 非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词, 表示不能延续的动作, 这种动作发生后立即结束。如:<span word="open">open</span>, <span word="die">die</span>, <span word="close">close</span>, <span word="begin">begin</span>, <span word="finish">finish</span>, <span word="come">come</span>, <span word="go">go</span>, <span word="move">move</span>, <span word="borrow">borrow</span>, <span word="lend">lend</span>, <span word="buy">buy</span>等。</p><p> 非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：<span word="two">two</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>; <span word="at">at</span> 5 <span word="o">o</span>'<span word="clock">clock</span></p><p> 例: <span word="He">He</span> <span word="died">died</span> 5 <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>. </p><p> 否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例:</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="haven">haven</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="for">for</span> 3 <span word="years">years</span>. </p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="haven">haven</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="for">for</span> 3 <span word="weeks">weeks</span>.</p><p> 三. 延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：<span word="leave">leave</span> --- <span word="be">be</span> <span word="away">away</span>, <span word="borrow">borrow</span> --- <span word="keep">keep</span>, <span word="buy">buy</span> --- <span word="have">have</span>, <span word="begin">begin</span>/<span word="start">start</span> --- <span word="be">be</span> <span word="on">on</span>, <span word="die">die</span> --- <span word="be">be</span> <span word="dead">dead</span>, <span word="finish">finish</span> --- <span word="be">be</span> <span word="over">over</span>, <span word="join">join</span> --- <span word="be">be</span> <span word="in">in</span>+组织机构, <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="member">member</span> <span word="of">of</span>+组织机构, <span word="open">open</span> <span word="sth">sth</span> --- <span word="keep">keep</span> <span word="sth">sth</span> <span word="open">open</span>, <span word="fall">fall</span> <span word="ill">ill</span> --- <span word="be">be</span> <span word="ill">ill</span>, <span word="get">get</span> <span word="up">up</span>---<span word="be">be</span> <span word="up">up</span>, <span word="catch">catch</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cold">cold</span> --- <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cold">cold</span>, <span word="come">come</span> <span word="here">here</span> --- <span word="be">be</span> <span word="here">here</span>, <span word="go">go</span> <span word="there">there</span> --- <span word="be">be</span> <span word="there">there</span>, <span word="become">become</span> --- <span word="be">be</span>, <span word="come">come</span> <span word="back">back</span> --- <span word="be">be</span> <span word="back">back</span>, <span word="fall">fall</span> <span word="asleep">asleep</span> --- <span word="be">be</span> <span word="asleep">asleep</span>, <span word="get">get</span> <span word="to">to</span>/ <span word="arrive">arrive</span>/<span word="reach">reach</span> --- <span word="be">be</span> (<span word="in">in</span>), <span word="leave">leave</span> --- <span word="be">be</span> <span word="away">away</span> <span word="from">from</span>, <span word="get">get</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="know">know</span> --- <span word="know">know</span>, <span word="go">go</span> (<span word="get">get</span>) <span word="out">out</span> →<span word="be">be</span> <span word="out">out</span>， <span word="put">put</span> <span word="on">on</span>→ <span word="wear">wear</span>；<span word="catch">catch</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cold">cold</span> →<span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cold">cold</span>等。 </p>
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