名师指点 现在完成时之二：Since 和 for 的用法
<p> <span word="Since">Since</span> 和 <span word="for">for</span> 的用法</p><p> 表示过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态常用的时间状语有：<span word="for">for</span>, <span word="since">since</span>, <span word="how">how</span> <span word="long">long</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="far">far</span>, <span word="these">these</span> <span word="days">days</span>等。</p><p> <span word="Since">Since</span>+过去点的时间，<span word="for">for</span>+一段时间（数词+量词），此划线部分用<span word="how">how</span> <span word="long">long</span>提问。</p><p> 一、<span word="since">since</span>短语或从句表示过去的动作延续至今，<span word="since">since</span>之后的时间为一点。 如：</p><p> <span word="Mr">Mr</span>. <span word="Smith">Smith</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="worked">worked</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="since">since</span> 1984. 1984年以来，史密斯先生一直在这工作。</p><p> <span word="He">He</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="learned">learned</span> <span word="about">about</span> 5,000 <span word="English">English</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="since">since</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="college">college</span>. 他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词。</p><p> 二、<span word="for">for</span>短语表示动作延续多长时间，<span word="for">for</span>的宾语为时间段。 如：</p><p> <span word="We">We</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="twenty">twenty</span> <span word="years">years</span>. 我们认识有二十年了。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="haven">haven</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="seen">seen</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="time">time</span>. 我好久没有见到她了。</p><p> 练习：用<span word="since">since</span>和<span word="for">for</span>填空</p><p> 1) ______ <span word="two">two</span> <span word="years">years</span> 2) _______ <span word="two">two</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span> 3) _______ <span word="last">last</span> <span word="month">month</span> </p><p> 4) ______ 1999 5) _______ <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span> 6) _______ 4 <span word="o">o</span>’<span word="clock">clock</span></p><p> 7) ______ 4 <span word="hours">hours</span> 8) _______ <span word="an">an</span> <span word="hour">hour</span> <span word="ago">ago</span> 9) _______ <span word="we">we</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="children">children</span> </p><p> 10) _____ <span word="lunch">lunch</span> <span word="time">time</span> 11) ______ <span word="she">she</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="here">here</span></p><p> 1. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="lived">lived</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Nanjing">Nanjing</span> ________ <span word="the">the</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="last">last</span>.</p><p> 2. <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="ve">ve</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="him">him</span> __________ <span word="we">we</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="children">children</span>.</p><p> 3. <span word="Our">Our</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="studied">studied</span> <span word="Japanese">Japanese</span> _________ <span word="three">three</span> <span word="years">years</span>.</p>
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