名师指导：浅谈主谓一致中的“就近原则”
<p> 英语句子中，主语的“人称”和“数”要限制，决定谓语动词的形式变化，这就叫“主谓一致”关系。</p><p> 它通常依据三项原则：</p><p> 1）语法一致； 2）意义一致； 3）就近一致。</p><p> 【语法一致原则】</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> .主语的“人称”决定谓语动词的形式。<span word="e">e</span>.<span word="g">g</span>.</p><p> ①<span word="I">I</span> <span word="love">love</span> / <span word="She">She</span> <span word="loves">loves</span> <span word="music">music</span> . 我/ 她爱好音乐。</p><p> ②<span word="Are">Are</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="mother">mother</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="worker">worker</span> ? (误)你母亲是工人吗？ </p><p> <span word="Is">Is</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="mother">mother</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="worker">worker</span> ?(正)（主语<span word="your">your</span> <span word="mother">mother</span> 是单数第三人称）</p><p> <span word="II">II</span> .主语的“数”决定谓语动词的形式。</p><p> 1.“不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）”或“</p><p> 从句”等作主语，用单数谓语形式。<span word="e">e</span>.<span word="g">g</span>.</p><p> ①<span word="The">The</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="important">important</span> . 这项工作重要。</p><p> ②<span word="To">To</span> <span word="serve">serve</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="duty">duty</span> . 为祖国服务是我们的义务。</p><p> ③<span word="How">How</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sad">sad</span> <span word="story">story</span> . 他离开的经过和原因是一段伤心的经历。</p><p> 2. 复数的名词、代词一般接复数谓语形式。<span word="e">e</span>.<span word="g">g</span>.</p><p> ①<span word="The">The</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="care">care</span> <span word="of">of</span> . 孩子们得到很好的照料。</p><p> ②<span word="They">They</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="gone">gone</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Chengdu">Chengdu</span> . 他们去成都了。</p><p> <span word="II">II</span>. 以“<span word="and">and</span> ”或“<span word="both">both</span>… <span word="and">and</span>”连接的并列主语：</p>
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