英语时态的用法之四
<p> 英语时态的用法之四</p><p> 现在完成时的用法</p><p> </p><p> （1）表示动作已经完成，但后果或影响仍在。常与<span word="already">already</span>, <span word="just">just</span>, <span word="yet">yet</span>等副词连用。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="letter">letter</span>.我刚刚读完你的信。</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="already">already</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="back">back</span>.他已经回来了.</p><p> </p><p> （2）表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在。常与<span word="for">for</span>或<span word="since">since</span>引导的一段时间状语连用。</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="lived">lived</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="years">years</span>.他在此住了两年了。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="since">since</span> 1976.自从1976年我就一直在这里。</p><p> ①．<span word="for">for</span>后通常跟一个时间段，而<span word="since">since</span>后只能跟一个具体的时间点。</p><p> 如：<span word="for">for</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="weeks">weeks</span>持续两周时间；<span word="since">since</span> <span word="Monday">Monday</span>自从周一</p><p> ②．现在完成时的肯定句，其谓语动词如果是瞬间动词，如<span word="come">come</span>, <span word="go">go</span>, <span word="begin">begin</span>, <span word="join">join</span>等，则不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。</p><p> 如：他到此两周了：<span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="arrived">arrived</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="weeks">weeks</span>.（）</p><p> 此时需转换表达方式：</p><p> ①用<span word="ago">ago</span>代替<span word="for">for</span>，并改为一般过去时</p><p> ②用延续性动词代替瞬间动词</p><p> ③用<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span>/<span word="It">It</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="beensince">beensince</span>句型，如：</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="arrived">arrived</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="weeks">weeks</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>.</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="weeks">weeks</span>.</p>
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