中考英语阅读理解解题技巧：猜词秀
<p> 中考英语阅读理解解题技巧：猜词秀</p><p> 上期我们谈到了做阅读理解题的一般方法，本期介绍更具体更实用的方法。在阅读的时候，常常会遇到一些生词，影响我们的阅读速度，其实大部分生词的意思都可以通过上下文的关系猜出来，下面就介绍一些猜词的技巧：</p><p> 1.通过因果关系猜词</p><p> </p><p> 通过因果关系猜词，首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词(如<span word="because">because</span>，<span word="as">as</span>，<span word="since">since</span>，<span word="for">for</span>，<span word="so">so</span>，<span word="thus">thus</span>，<span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="result">result</span>，<span word="of">of</span> <span word="course">course</span>，<span word="therefore">therefore</span>等等)表示前因后果。例如：</p><p> <span word="You">You</span> <span word="shouldn">shouldn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="blamed">blamed</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="that">that</span>，<span word="for">for</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="wasn">wasn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="fault">fault</span>.通过<span word="for">for</span>引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错)，可猜出<span word="blame">blame</span>的词义是责备。</p><p> 2.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词</p><p> 通过同义词猜词，一是要看由<span word="and">and</span>或<span word="or">or</span>连接的同义词词组，如<span word="happy">happy</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="gay">gay</span>，即使我们不认识<span word="gay">gay</span>这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思；二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词，如<span word="Man">Man</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="something">something</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="planets">planets</span> <span word="Venus">Venus</span>，<span word="Mars">Mars</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="Jupiter">Jupiter</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="spaceships">spaceships</span>.此句中的<span word="Venus">Venus</span>(金星)、<span word="Mars">Mars</span>(火星)、<span word="Jupiter">Jupiter</span>(木星)均为生词，但只要知道<span word="planets">planets</span>就可猜出这几个词都属于行星这一义域。通过反义词猜词，一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如<span word="but">but</span>，<span word="while">while</span>，<span word="however">however</span>等；二是看与<span word="not">not</span>搭配的或表示否定意义的词语，如：<span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="homely">homely</span>，<span word="not">not</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="handsome">handsome</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="brother">brother</span>.根据<span word="not">not</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="all">all</span>...<span word="handsome">handsome</span>我们不难推测出<span word="homely">homely</span>的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。</p>
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