中考英语语法：句子的种类（同步练习）
<p>（三）经典例题解析1. <span word="My">My</span> <span word="mother">mother</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="sports">sports</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Friday">Friday</span> <span word="afternoon">afternoon</span>.改成否定句2. <span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="books">books</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="computers">computers</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="desks">desks</span>.改成否定句3.<span word="Hes">Hes</span> <span word="seldom">seldom</span> <span word="late">late</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="school">school</span>__________?<span word="A">A</span>. <span word="hasnt">hasnt</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="isnt">isnt</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="has">has</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="is">is</span> <span word="he">he</span>4. <span word="Lets">Lets</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="walk">walk</span> <span word="outside">outside</span>,_______?<span word="A">A</span>. <span word="dont">dont</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="will">will</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="shall">shall</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="have">have</span> <span word="we">we</span>5.<span word="I">I</span> <span word="dont">dont</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span>,_________?<span word="A">A</span>. <span word="do">do</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="has">has</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="hasnt">hasnt</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="does">does</span> <span word="he">he</span>6. ____________<span word="do">do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="prefer">prefer</span>, <span word="rice">rice</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="noodles">noodles</span>?<span word="A">A</span>. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="How">How</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="When">When</span>7. <span word="Mrs">Mrs</span> <span word="Black">Black</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1980.<span word="Mrs">Mrs</span> <span word="Black">Black</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="since">since</span> 1980.8．_________<span word="important">important</span> <span word="news">news</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="everybody">everybody</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="modem">modem</span> <span word="city">city</span>!<span word="A">A</span>. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="How">How</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="What">What</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="How">How</span> <span word="an">an</span>9. <span word="A">A</span>:____<span word="is">is</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="museum">museum</span>?<span word="B">B</span>:<span word="About">About</span> 20 <span word="minutes">minutes</span> <span word="walk">walk</span>.<span word="A">A</span>. <span word="How">How</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="How">How</span> <span word="fast">fast</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="How">How</span> <span word="far">far</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="How">How</span> <span word="soon">soon</span>10. <span word="A">A</span>:____<span word="does">does</span> <span word="Peter">Peter</span> <span word="weigh">weigh</span> <span word="now">now</span>?<span word="B">B</span>：44 <span word="kilos">kilos</span>．<span word="A">A</span>. <span word="How">How</span> <span word="heavy">heavy</span> <span word="B">B</span>,<span word="How">How</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="How">How</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="What">What</span></p><p>1.<span word="My">My</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="doesnt">doesnt</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="sports">sports</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Friday">Friday</span> <span word="afternoon">afternoon</span>.【解析】 这类句子中的<span word="has">has</span>并不是表示有的意思，而是<span word="have">have</span> <span word="spoils">spoils</span>这个词组中的行为动词，表示进行体育活动的意思。所以在改成否定句时，应加助动词<span word="does">does</span>来进行否定。需要注意的是，在用了助动词之后，行为动词就必须用原形。此类词组还有<span word="have">have</span> <span word="lunch">lunch</span>, <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="class">class</span>, <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="time">time</span>等。2.<span word="There">There</span> <span word="arent">arent</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="books">books</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="computers">computers</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="desks">desks</span>.或：<span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="books">books</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="computers">computers</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="desks">desks</span>.<span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="books">books</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="computers">computers</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="desks">desks</span>.【解析】 在把上述这类肯定句改成否定句时，同学们能够把<span word="some">some</span>改成<span word="any">any</span>，但往往会忘记把<span word="and">and</span>改成<span word="or">or</span>。3. 【解析】 此句答案为<span word="D">D</span>。在反意疑问句中要注意前半句用肯定，反意疑问句则用否定形式，前半句为否定，反意疑问句要用肯定形式。此句中<span word="seldom">seldom</span>表示否定很少，这样看来 <span word="A">A</span>、<span word="B">B</span>答案不正确。而由于<span word="be">be</span> <span word="late">late</span> <span word="for">for</span>是习惯用语，所以选<span word="D">D</span>。另外，表示否定的此类副词还有<span word="little">little</span>，<span word="few">few</span>，<span word="never">never</span>，<span word="hardly">hardly</span>等。4. 【解析】答案选<span word="C">C</span>。祈使句的反意疑问句，一般都用<span word="will">will</span> <span word="you">you</span>，只有<span word="Lets">Lets</span>开头的句子才用<span word="shall">shall</span> <span word="we">we</span>。如：<span word="Open">Open</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="door">door</span> <span word="please">please</span>, <span word="will">will</span> <span word="you">you</span>?<span word="Dont">Dont</span> <span word="open">open</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="door">door</span>, <span word="will">will</span> <span word="you">you</span>?<span word="Let">Let</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="discuss">discuss</span> <span word="it">it</span>,<span word="will">will</span> <span word="you">you</span>?<span word="Lets">Lets</span> <span word="discuss">discuss</span> <span word="it">it</span>,<span word="shall">shall</span> <span word="we">we</span>?5.【解析】 答案选<span word="D">D</span>。在主句<span word="I">I</span> <span word="think">think</span>( <span word="believe">believe</span>)...+宾语从句的反意疑问句时，后半句疑问部分中的动词和主语应该和宾语从句中的动词和主语保持一致，如果主句肯定，反意部分用否定。如果主句否定，反意部分则用肯定。而此句的从句为<span word="has">has</span> <span word="to">to</span>结构，它的否定是助动词<span word="does">does</span>结构，所以选<span word="D">D</span>。6.【解析】答案选<span word="B">B</span>。从本句的意思来看，它表达的是你喜欢什么或哪一个，<span word="C">C</span>或<span word="D">D</span>显然不成立，而问句中有两项选择范围，因此应该选<span word="B">B</span>。7.【解析】 这两句句子放在一起作为划线提问有一定的针对性。第一句表达过去某时间布莱克先生来中国，因此提问词应用<span word="When">When</span>。而第二句表达自1980年到现在为止，布莱克先生一直呆在中国，其侧重点在于很长时间了，因此提问词应用<span word="How">How</span> <span word="long">long</span>。8.【解析】答案选<span word="B">B</span>。在做感叹句练习时，一定要注意找准感叹部分的中心词。这个中心词常常是在句子主语之前。此句的谓语是<span word="is">is</span>，而主语是<span word="news">news</span>，那么<span word="important">important</span>就是强调的中心词，因此只能用<span word="How">How</span>。其实这个句子真正的表达是：<span word="News">News</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="everybody">everybody</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="modem">modem</span> <span word="city">city</span>.9.【解析】答案选<span word="C">C</span>。这道题问的是学校到博物馆之间的距离有多远，所以选<span word="C">C</span>。<span word="how">how</span> <span word="long">long</span>表达多长。<span word="How">How</span> <span word="fast">fast</span>表达速度多快。<span word="How">How</span> <span word="soon">soon</span>表达时间多久，多用于将来时态。10.【解析】 答案选<span word="C">C</span>。在表达人或物有多重时有如下三种方式：(1) <span word="How">How</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="weigh">weigh</span>? (2) <span word="How">How</span> <span word="heavy">heavy</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="it">it</span>? (3) <span word="Whats">Whats</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="weight">weight</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="it">it</span>?因此本题选<span word="C">C</span>。</p>
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